List of the Top 12 On-Prem Distributed Databases in 2025

Redis Labs serves as the official home of Redis, showcasing its leading product, Redis Enterprise, which is recognized as the most advanced version of Redis. Offering much more than mere caching capabilities, Redis Enterprise is accessible for free in the cloud, delivering NoSQL solutions and utilizing the fastest in-memory database available. The platform is designed for scalability and enterprise-level resilience, enabling massive scaling along with user-friendly administration and operational efficiency. Notably, Redis in the Cloud has gained popularity among DevOps professionals due to its capabilities. Developers benefit from advanced data structures and a broad range of modules, empowering them to foster innovation and achieve quicker time-to-market. Chief Information Officers appreciate the robust security and reliable expert support that Redis provides, ensuring an impressive uptime of 99.999%. For scenarios involving active-active configurations, geodistribution, and conflict resolution with read/write operations across multiple regions on the same dataset, relational databases are recommended. Furthermore, Redis Enterprise facilitates various flexible deployment options, making it adaptable to different environments. The ecosystem also includes Redis JSON, Redis Java, and Python Redis, along with best practices for Redis on Kubernetes and GUI management, solidifying its versatility in modern application development.

ClickHouse is a highly efficient, open-source OLAP database management system that is specifically engineered for rapid data processing. Its unique column-oriented design allows users to generate analytical reports through real-time SQL queries with ease. In comparison to other column-oriented databases, ClickHouse demonstrates superior performance capabilities. This system can efficiently manage hundreds of millions to over a billion rows and can process tens of gigabytes of data per second on a single server. By optimizing hardware utilization, ClickHouse guarantees swift query execution. For individual queries, its maximum processing ability can surpass 2 terabytes per second, focusing solely on the relevant columns after decompression. When deployed in a distributed setup, read operations are seamlessly optimized across various replicas to reduce latency effectively. Furthermore, ClickHouse incorporates multi-master asynchronous replication, which supports deployment across multiple data centers. Each node functions independently, thus preventing any single points of failure and significantly improving overall system reliability. This robust architecture not only allows organizations to sustain high availability but also ensures consistent performance, even when faced with substantial workloads, making it an ideal choice for businesses with demanding data requirements.

What contributes to the platform independence of eXtremeDB? It features a hybrid data storage approach, allowing for configurations that are entirely in-memory or fully persistent, as well as combinations of both, unlike many other IMDS databases. Additionally, eXtremeDB incorporates its proprietary Active Replication Fabric™, enabling not only bidirectional replication but also multi-tier replication, which can optimize data transfer across various network conditions through built-in compression techniques. Furthermore, it offers flexibility in structuring time series data by supporting both row-based and column-based formats, enhancing CPU cache efficiency. eXtremeDB can operate as either a client/server architecture or as an embedded system, providing adaptable and speedy data management solutions. With its design tailored for resource-limited, mission-critical embedded applications, eXtremeDB is utilized in over 30 million deployments globally, ranging from routers and satellites to trains and stock market operations, showcasing its versatility across diverse industries.

RavenDB stands out as an innovative NoSQL Document Database. It ensures full transactional support (ACID compliance) across both your database and within your cluster. Our open-source distributed database is designed for high availability and exceptional performance while requiring minimal administrative effort. As an all-encompassing database solution, it simplifies usage, which in turn enhances developer productivity and accelerates project timelines without the need for additional tools or support. Within just a few minutes, you can set up and secure a data cluster, deploying it in the cloud, on-premises, or in a hybrid configuration. RavenDB also provides a Database as a Service, enabling you to hand over all database management to us, allowing you to focus entirely on your application development. With RavenDB's proprietary storage engine, Voron, you can achieve remarkable speeds of up to 1,000,000 reads and 150,000 writes per second on a single node. This capability significantly boosts your application's performance while relying on standard commodity hardware, making it a powerful choice for developers. Additionally, RavenDB's seamless integration fosters an environment where teams can innovate rapidly and efficiently.

Fauna serves as a data API designed to empower rich client applications utilizing serverless backends. It features a web-native interface that is compatible with GraphQL, allows for the implementation of custom business logic, and facilitates seamless integration within the serverless ecosystem, all while providing a reliable multi-cloud architecture that you can depend on and expand as needed. This versatility makes Fauna an attractive choice for developers looking to build scalable applications.

Introducing a cloud-native distributed HTAP database that offers effortless scaling and real-time analytics as a fully managed service, equipped with a serverless tier that enables quick deployment of the HTAP database in mere seconds. With the capability to scale transparently and elastically to hundreds of nodes for critical workloads, there is no need to alter your business logic. Users can leverage their existing SQL expertise while maintaining relational structures and global ACID transactions, all while efficiently handling hybrid workloads. The system boasts a robust built-in analytics engine that allows for operational data analysis without the need for ETL processes, making data management more streamlined. You can expand to hundreds of nodes while ensuring ACID compliance, free from the complexities of sharding or any downtime interruptions. The accuracy of data is preserved even amidst simultaneous updates to the same data source, making it a dependable choice for high-demand environments. TiDB's compatibility with MySQL not only enhances productivity but also speeds up your applications' time-to-market, facilitating the smooth migration of data from existing MySQL systems without the need for code rewrites. This cutting-edge solution simplifies database management, allowing teams to concentrate on development while minimizing infrastructure-related challenges. Additionally, the system's design ensures that users can adapt quickly to evolving business needs without compromising performance or reliability.

An enterprise-grade database designed for handling time series, documents, and vectors. It allows for the storage of diverse data types while merging the ease and scalability of NoSQL with the capabilities of SQL. CrateDB stands out as a distributed database that executes queries in mere milliseconds, no matter the complexity, data volume, or speed of incoming data. This makes it an ideal solution for organizations that require rapid and efficient data processing.

Smart DIH is a robust data management solution that efficiently provides applications with precise, up-to-date, and comprehensive data, ensuring excellent performance, minimal latency, and a continuously available digital experience. By separating APIs from systems of record, Smart DIH replicates essential data and makes it accessible through an event-driven framework. This innovative approach allows for significantly reduced development timelines for new digital services and enables the platform to effortlessly accommodate millions of simultaneous users, regardless of the underlying IT infrastructure or cloud configurations. On the other hand, XAP Skyline stands out as a distributed in-memory development platform that guarantees transactional integrity while delivering high-speed event-driven processing with microsecond response times. It powers critical business applications that depend on real-time data, such as online trading systems, immediate risk assessment, and data processing for artificial intelligence and advanced language models. This combination of capabilities makes both platforms essential for modern digital enterprises aiming for agility and efficiency.

Citus enriches the widely appreciated Postgres experience by offering distributed table capabilities while being entirely open source. It now accommodates both schema-based and row-based sharding, ensuring compatibility with Postgres 16. You can effectively scale Postgres by distributing data and queries, starting with a single Citus node and smoothly incorporating additional nodes and rebalancing shards as your requirements grow. By leveraging parallelism, keeping a larger dataset in memory, boosting I/O bandwidth, and using columnar compression, query performance can be significantly enhanced, achieving speeds up to 300 times or even more. As an extension rather than a separate fork, Citus remains compatible with the latest Postgres versions, allowing you to leverage your existing SQL expertise and tools. Furthermore, it enables you to address infrastructure challenges by managing both transactional and analytical workloads within one database system. Available for free as open source, Citus allows for self-management while also inviting contributions to its development via GitHub. Transitioning your focus from database management to application development becomes easier as you run your applications on Citus within the Azure Cosmos DB for PostgreSQL environment, thus streamlining your workflow. This integration not only boosts efficiency but also empowers developers to harness the full potential of scalable, high-performance database solutions.

Couchbase sets itself apart from other NoSQL databases by providing an enterprise-level, multicloud to edge solution that is packed with essential features for mission-critical applications, built on a platform known for its exceptional scalability and reliability. This distributed cloud-native database functions effortlessly within modern, dynamic environments, supporting any cloud setup, from customer-managed to fully managed services. By utilizing open standards, Couchbase effectively combines the strengths of NoSQL with the familiar aspects of SQL, which aids organizations in transitioning smoothly from traditional mainframe and relational databases. Couchbase Server acts as a flexible, distributed database that merges the relational database advantages, such as SQL and ACID transactions, with the flexibility of JSON, all while maintaining high-speed performance and scalability. Its wide-ranging applications serve various sectors, addressing requirements like user profiles, dynamic product catalogs, generative AI applications, vector search, rapid caching, and much more, thus proving to be an indispensable resource for organizations aiming for enhanced efficiency and innovation. Additionally, its ability to adapt to evolving technologies ensures that users remain at the forefront of their industries.

A Kudu cluster organizes its information into tables that are similar to those in conventional relational databases. These tables can vary from simple binary key-value pairs to complex designs that contain hundreds of unique, strongly-typed attributes. Each table possesses a primary key made up of one or more columns, which may consist of a single column like a unique user ID, or a composite key such as a tuple of (host, metric, timestamp), often found in machine time-series databases. The primary key allows for quick access, modification, or deletion of rows, which ensures efficient data management. Kudu's straightforward data model simplifies the process of migrating legacy systems or developing new applications without the need to encode data into binary formats or interpret complex databases filled with hard-to-read JSON. Moreover, the tables are self-describing, enabling users to utilize widely-used tools like SQL engines or Spark for data analysis tasks. The user-friendly APIs that Kudu offers further increase its accessibility for developers. Consequently, Kudu not only streamlines data management but also preserves a solid structural integrity, making it an attractive choice for various applications. This combination of features positions Kudu as a versatile solution for modern data handling challenges.

RocksDB is an advanced database engine known for its high performance, built entirely in C++ and utilizing a log-structured architecture. It processes keys and values as byte streams of any size, which provides significant flexibility in how data can be represented. Designed specifically for fast, low-latency storage solutions, it takes full advantage of the remarkable read and write speeds associated with flash memory and rapid disk drives. The database encompasses a variety of essential operations, ranging from simple functions like opening or closing a database to more intricate processes such as merging data and implementing compaction filters. This flexibility renders RocksDB applicable across a diverse array of workloads, making it suitable not only for database storage engines like MyRocks but also for application data caching and use in embedded systems. By accommodating different data management requirements, RocksDB proves to be a reliable choice for developers operating in various technical environments. Furthermore, its robust design and performance capabilities make it a preferred option for applications needing efficient data handling and storage solutions.