List of the Top 12 Layer 1 Protocols for Gate.io in 2025

Meter is an advanced infrastructure specifically designed to allow smart contracts to scale and operate seamlessly across multiple blockchain networks. As a hybrid of Layer 1 and Layer 2 protocols, Meter revolves around two essential tokens: MTRG, serving as the governance token (with its ERC20 version known as eMTRG), and MTR, which functions as a stable currency token. To ensure smooth and unrestricted transfer of financial assets among blockchains, Meter utilizes a HotStuff-based consensus mechanism that accommodates thousands of validator nodes, establishing itself as the most decentralized Layer 2 solution for Ethereum. The platform boasts the ability to handle thousands of transactions per second, resulting in near-instant transaction confirmations. Furthermore, Meter Passport allows for assets and smart contracts to move and engage across different blockchains, optimizing aspects such as price, liquidity, and yield. Notably, Meter distinguishes itself as an Ethereum-compatible platform enriched with unique characteristics. Unlike other Layer 2 solutions, decentralized exchanges (DEXes) on Meter are designed to be impervious to front-running and miner extractable value (MEV) dilemmas, ensuring transactions are both rapid and censorship-resistant. This unique blend of features positions Meter as a formidable contender in the ever-evolving blockchain landscape, demonstrating its potential to revolutionize cross-chain interactions.

With transaction fees that are lower than any credit card, exchange rates that surpass those of traditional currencies, and faster confirmation times than most digital payment methods, Bitcoin Diamond emerges as a prominent contender in the realm of digital currencies. This global currency enables users to purchase items from almost any country and have them conveniently delivered to their doorstep, no matter where they reside. Each transaction incurs a cost of less than a penny, eliminating the hassle of currency conversion. Unlike conventional government-supported currencies, which expose your funds to risks such as theft and inflation, Bitcoin Diamond offers a safer alternative. As a fork of the highly regarded Bitcoin blockchain, it maintains a limited supply to help control inflation, ensuring its value over time. Built on a decentralized blockchain, Bitcoin Diamond guarantees manageable inflation, allowing access from anywhere; transactions are validated by a network of computers across the globe, which bolsters its reliability and security. This innovative currency not only caters to the needs of users but also stands as a beacon of financial stability amidst the unpredictability of today's economy, making it an appealing choice for those looking to secure their financial future. Its robust features and global accessibility highlight the potential of Bitcoin Diamond to revolutionize the way we think about money.

Bitgert is a forward-thinking cryptocurrency engineering company dedicated to reshaping the way people interact with digital assets. Through the introduction of multiple projects, Bitgert has created a comprehensive ecosystem that caters to every aspect of digital asset ownership. The Bitgert Chain is particularly impressive, capable of processing over 100,000 transactions per second, while the centralized Bitgert crypto exchange offers a no-fee trading platform that enhances user experience. With such a wide array of services, Bitgert has emerged as one of the fastest-growing ecosystems in the cryptocurrency industry, providing a variety of solutions that meet the needs of today’s digital asset investors. Importantly, the Bitgert Chain stands out with its low transaction fees, making it an appealing choice for users. Furthermore, this ecosystem is designed to foster the development of your project, supported by a passionate community and skilled development teams, which means that you will have access to the necessary resources for achieving your goals. As Bitgert continues to evolve, it remains committed to innovation and user satisfaction in the digital asset space.

We focus on developing technology that ensures smooth financial transactions. As the trailblazers of the first-ever open and permissionless pure proof-of-stake blockchain protocol, we provide vital security, scalability, and decentralization without the necessity of forking, which are essential components for today’s economy. Our award-winning team assists traditional financial institutions as well as decentralized finance businesses in moving towards a space of simplified financial operations. This state-of-the-art technology establishes the foundation for groundbreaking applications, while our advanced smart contract functionalities enable decentralized finance solutions and decentralized applications that can handle billions of users and tens of millions of transactions each day, all at low fees. The Algorand Standard Assets provide customizable blockchain asset solutions on Layer-1, guaranteeing secure transfers and instant settlement for transactions involving multiple parties. This structure allows businesses to adopt decentralized financial practices with confidence, ultimately revolutionizing the finance sector. Furthermore, as we progress, our dedication to improving financial accessibility and operational efficiency is steadfast, ensuring that we remain at the forefront of innovation in this rapidly evolving field.

Flow is a cutting-edge blockchain framework designed to cater to the emerging generation of applications, games, and the digital assets that empower them. With a strong emphasis on providing a smooth user experience, Flow offers a solid groundwork for protocols and applications that can operate on an internet scale. Developed by the team behind CryptoKitties, Flow has been meticulously tested in collaboration with prominent global partners and is now accessible to anyone eager to engage and benefit from its features. Its performance has demonstrated reliability in practical applications, positioning it to foster the creation of solutions that align with user needs. This framework brings forth a simple feature that improves both the quality of software and the efficiency of the development process. Moreover, Flow integrates an intuitive programming language tailored for decentralized applications and digital assets, facilitating secure and clear bug resolutions while allowing for selective upgrades to smart contracts. Engineered for rapidity and effectiveness, Flow guarantees that global finality can be achieved in just seconds, making it an attractive option for developers. The transformative potential of Flow to redefine the digital realm is substantial, inviting visionaries to delve into its extensive capabilities. As the technology continues to evolve, it will likely inspire even more innovative applications and use cases.

Radix differentiates itself by being the only decentralized network that not only promotes rapid development but also encourages contributions from all members while ensuring seamless scalability. It provides a customized DeFi programming environment that enables quick and secure application creation. Moreover, its pioneering on-ledger royalty mechanism guarantees fair compensation for those who contribute to enhancing the dApp ecosystem. With a consensus mechanism that supports unlimited scalability while preserving DeFi composability, Radix empowers developers to build efficiently without the persistent worries of exploits or security breaches. This exceptional platform cultivates an open and interconnected environment, fostering the development of a wide variety of resilient DeFi applications in a secure setting. Additionally, staking is crucial within the Radix network, as the staked amount is directly linked to the network's security, thereby reinforcing its overall integrity. This unique blend of features not only positions Radix as an innovative solution in the DeFi realm but also sets a new standard for what decentralized networks can achieve. As the DeFi sector continues to evolve, Radix's capabilities will likely attract even more developers and users seeking a reliable platform.

IOST represents a state-of-the-art blockchain network characterized by its remarkable speed, scalability, and security, driven by a unique consensus mechanism called "Proof of Believability" (PoB). Our dedicated team of experts, backed by prominent investors, strives to establish a robust framework for online platforms that meet the essential requirements of security and scalability in a decentralized economy. The challenges posed by high transaction costs and slow processing times in the Ethereum network have paved the way for innovative alternatives, thereby establishing IOST as a pioneer with its cutting-edge technology since the activation of its mainnet in 2019. IOST's fundamental technology—a decentralized blockchain with the capacity for high throughput—surpasses 37 major competitors, such as EOS and Ethereum, by more than five times, as highlighted by recent evaluations from China's Center for Information and Industry Development. Boasting an impressive block generation time of just 0.5 seconds and the capability to process up to 8,000 transactions per second, developers can confidently build applications on the IOST platform without concerns about performance constraints. This exceptional functionality not only significantly improves the user experience but also expands the potential for groundbreaking applications within the blockchain sector, fostering a vibrant ecosystem for future innovations.

aelf is positioned at the cutting edge of blockchain cloud infrastructure, providing a highly secure and sophisticated platform characterized by segregated, infinitely scalable cloud computing networks, which facilitates a decentralized future. Its innovative strategies incorporate cross-chain interoperability and an elaborate multi-level main-side chains architecture, effectively ushering in the Blockchain 3.0 era with peerless cross-chain capabilities. Users can delve into the essential features of the aelf main network through a public beta testnet, engaging in processes like node setup and elections, mining incentives, configuring sidechains, conducting cross-chain interactions, deploying DApps, and more. Additionally, developers are equipped with a comprehensive toolkit designed to cater to their varied needs while building on decentralized blockchain layers. The aelf community plays a vital role in shaping the ecosystem, promoting forward-thinking development through several governance mechanisms, including the aelf DAO, node elections, resource procurement, and the submission of proposals, establishing a collaborative environment for all members. This cooperative framework not only bolsters the network’s overall functionality but also empowers participants to play an active role in its ongoing evolution, further enhancing the platform's resilience and adaptability in a rapidly changing technological landscape. Ultimately, aelf exemplifies how community-driven governance and advanced technology can work together to create a robust future for decentralized applications.

Aleph Zero is a public blockchain that emphasizes privacy and guarantees immediate transaction finality, making it particularly suited for enterprise applications, Web 3.0, and decentralized finance (DeFi) use cases. This blockchain employs a proof-of-stake mechanism and integrates a unique aBFT consensus protocol along with a customized substrate stack. Currently, the development team is working on enhancing the platform by implementing a privacy framework that leverages Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) and secure Multi-Party Computation (sMPC), offering developers cutting-edge solutions for private smart contracts. In a recent laboratory evaluation, Aleph Zero's consensus mechanism, referred to as AlephBFT, showcased an impressive throughput of 89,600 transactions per second and a confirmation time of just 416 milliseconds, all conducted in a decentralized test environment that included 112 AWS nodes spread across five continents. Nonetheless, it remains to be seen how Aleph Zero will perform in real-world scenarios, especially when faced with high network traffic. The Aleph Zero Consensus Protocol has successfully passed peer review and is set to be published in the proceedings of the 2019 Advances in Financial Technology conference, highlighting its innovation and reliability within the blockchain sector. Looking ahead, future enhancements will prioritize further improvements to both privacy and scalability in order to accommodate the changing needs of users. This ongoing commitment to innovation positions Aleph Zero as a leading contender in the rapidly evolving blockchain landscape.

Solana stands out as an incredibly fast, secure, and censorship-resistant blockchain, providing the vital infrastructure necessary for its global adoption. Many leading projects in decentralized finance (DeFi), Web3, and blockchain gaming choose to build on Solana, emphasizing their commitment to sustainability over the long term. With the capability to process an astonishing 50,000 transactions per second, Solana distinguishes itself in the competitive blockchain environment. However, don’t just take our word for it—experience the network's exceptional speed for yourself. Say goodbye to high fees and slow transaction confirmations, as Solana is specifically designed for rapid execution without sacrificing quality. By leveraging Proof of History and other cutting-edge technologies, Solana effectively scales in line with Moore's Law. There’s no need to worry about rising costs as your user base grows; Solana assures consistently low fees, even for apps catering to billions of users. Its integrated global state fosters effortless composability between various projects, thereby removing the obstacles typically associated with multiple shards or layer 2 solutions. Consequently, developers are empowered to concentrate on innovation, free from the constraints of conventional blockchain systems, and can explore new possibilities in their projects without limitations.

Cardano stands out as a groundbreaking blockchain platform crafted for innovators, changemakers, and visionaries, offering essential tools and technologies that create opportunities for individuals and communities while catalyzing global change. As the pioneer of proof-of-stake blockchain technology, Cardano is grounded in thorough peer-reviewed research and utilizes evidence-based approaches for its evolution. This forward-thinking platform merges sophisticated technologies to provide unparalleled security and sustainability for decentralized applications, systems, and communities. Guided by a reputable team of engineers, Cardano's mission is to empower individuals by redistributing power from unaccountable institutions and paving the way for significant progress and transformation. Furthermore, Cardano aims to restore trust in global systems by developing a more secure, transparent, and sustainable framework for transactions, governance, and enterprise growth. In addition to its focus on innovation, Cardano also emphasizes collaboration and inclusivity, recognizing that collective effort is vital for achieving lasting change. Ultimately, the platform embodies a dedication to applying scientific principles for societal advancement, ensuring that the benefits of progress are shared by all.

Harmony is a high-speed, open blockchain that operates its mainnet to run Ethereum applications with a remarkable two-second response time and fees that are 100 times lower. With secure bridges, Harmony enables seamless cross-chain asset transfers between Ethereum, Binance, and various other networks, fostering a vibrant ecosystem for creators to engage with their communities. Its bridges facilitate connections between both Proof of Work and Proof of Stake chains, ensuring versatility and inclusivity. The FlyClient architecture is designed to be completely trustless and highly gas-efficient, currently safeguarding tens of millions of cross-chain assets from Ethereum and Binance Smart Chain. Developers can easily switch the Chain ID, allowing for swifter execution of EVMs that maintain identical bytecode, simplifying migration to Harmony with their existing Web3 tools. For users, familiar platforms like MetaMask and Ledger remain accessible, and they will benefit from significantly reduced transaction fees. Additionally, any Ethereum portal or wallet can operate on Harmony without requiring code alterations or new installations, making it an attractive option for a broader audience. Overall, Harmony's innovative approach not only enhances performance but also streamlines the user experience across different blockchain environments.