List of the Top 10 Layer 2 Protocols for Android in 2025

Loopring is an open-source protocol that enables the development of scalable non-custodial exchanges within the Ethereum ecosystem. By leveraging zero-knowledge proofs (zkRollup), it allows for efficient trading that boasts high throughput and minimal settlement fees while maintaining the strong security features synonymous with Ethereum. Users enjoy complete control over their assets throughout the trading journey, enhancing their overall experience. Engaging with Loopring lets individuals witness its capabilities in action. As a fully audited and non-custodial protocol, it fosters trustless interactions among participants in the Loopring network. This ensures that users' crypto assets remain under their own control, safeguarded by security guarantees that align with Ethereum's standards. Loopring significantly boosts the performance of decentralized exchanges by handling thousands of requests off-chain, with verifiable execution assured through zero-knowledge proofs. This means that the performance limitations of the underlying blockchains no longer impede operations. Most functionalities, including order-matching and trade settlements, take place off the Ethereum blockchain, leading to greater operational efficiency. This groundbreaking methodology firmly establishes Loopring as a frontrunner in the decentralized finance sector, paving the way for future innovations in trading technology.

Liquidity presents an exceptional approach to handling your finances and cryptocurrency holdings, regardless of where you are or whom you are. In contrast to conventional banking systems, we do not have the power to restrict your funds; rather, we engage with our clients in a friendly manner, remove hidden fees, and focus on leveraging technology and research in all our initiatives. User security is of utmost importance, ensuring that individuals retain full authority over their assets at all times. With Liquidity Network, the limitations of blockchain do not hinder transaction speeds, enabling effortless gasless transfers and swaps. Developers are supported by an easy-to-use API that streamlines the development of user-friendly decentralized applications. Our efforts are founded on peer-reviewed research, which is made available to the public, aiming to deliver a secure and scalable solution for the community. The smart contracts of Liquidity Network are completely open-source, distributed under the GNU General Public License v3.0, championing transparency and collaboration. LQD functions as the main utility token for utilizing various services within the Liquidity Network ecosystem. Envision immediate transfers, real-time spending notifications, effortless cryptocurrency swaps, and a simplified way to send funds to friends. With these innovations, overseeing your financial activities becomes more efficient and user-centric than ever, enhancing the overall experience for users in the digital finance landscape.

Engage in staking on Ethereum's innovative private computing platform to start reaping rewards. By participating with Keep, you are effectively supporting a truly decentralized ecosystem and the growth of decentralized finance (DeFi). This framework places a strong emphasis on privacy while functioning within a public blockchain. The Keep network provides a means to handle private data on open protocols, ensuring that confidentiality is preserved. As the only genuinely decentralized protocol, Keep employs "Keeps," which are off-chain containers that allow contracts to access private data without exposing it on the public blockchain. Utilizing advanced encryption techniques, it protects the data stored within, and both Keep and tBTC have successfully passed comprehensive audits from top firms in the industry. Delve into the staking options available on the Keep network, allowing you not only to earn rewards but also to bolster its security. Importantly, Keep serves as a privacy layer that enables the secure usage of private data on public blockchains, maintaining both security and confidentiality in the process. Moreover, Keep is instrumental in launching tBTC, representing the first secure and decentralized tokenized version of Bitcoin operating on the Ethereum platform, thus bridging two major cryptocurrencies in a revolutionary way. This forward-thinking approach enhances the overall functionality and appeal of decentralized finance solutions.

Loom Network provides developers with the necessary scalability and ease of use to build high-performance decentralized applications (DApps) that meet the needs of today's users. By facilitating smooth integrations with prominent blockchains such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Binance Chain, deploying a DApp on Loom guarantees its ongoing relevance and accessibility to a broad audience. Since its inception in early 2018, Loom Network has functioned as a fully operational multichain interoperability platform. It is specifically tailored to enhance the scalability of high-performance DApps, ensuring a user experience comparable to traditional applications, which simplifies the onboarding process for new users by eliminating the need for them to install cryptocurrency wallet software. This feature empowers developers to leverage assets from top blockchains and enables the creation of a DApp that can be launched across all platforms simultaneously. Furthermore, on Loom Network, developers have the option to use the platform's token to cover their DApp hosting expenses, and instead of the complex fee structures found in Ethereum, they benefit from a straightforward monthly fee for hosting their applications on Loom. This approach not only streamlines financial planning for developers but also allows them to focus more on innovation rather than administrative concerns. Consequently, Loom Network continues to play a vital role in the evolution of decentralized applications.

Hermez represents a groundbreaking open-source ZK-Rollup that is tailored to enable secure, affordable, and user-centric token transfers on the Ethereum network. Seamlessly integrating with Ethereum's ecosystem, it champions low-cost token transactions to create a more inclusive financial landscape. The platform is designed for economical token transfers and trading, showcasing remarkable throughput capabilities. Built upon a decentralized and open-source foundation, it guarantees computational integrity for secure transactions. Utilizing zero-knowledge technology, Hermez dramatically reduces transfer costs, enhancing access to financial services and laying the groundwork for widespread acceptance. The trustworthiness of computations and the reliability of on-chain data are maintained through zero-knowledge-proof technology, all while preserving the core public blockchain features of Ethereum. Hermez aspires to create a robust and highly efficient payment network that accommodates the forthcoming wave of digital currencies, ensuring that everyone can participate in financial exchanges. By emphasizing accessibility and efficiency, Hermez is poised to transform our understanding and execution of financial transactions in the evolving digital landscape, making it easier for individuals to engage in the economy. Its innovative approach may inspire other projects to follow suit in enhancing transaction processes across various platforms.

Develop Ethereum-compatible smart contracts using a range of popular programming languages and execute them at much higher speeds on Substrate. This project follows a decentralized, open-source business model funded by developer treasuries from various participating blockchains. Current Ethereum smart contracts can effortlessly run on ParaState’s Ewasm VM (Pallet SSVM) without any need for alterations. By accommodating over 20 programming languages, ParaState significantly boosts the developer ecosystem for Ethereum-compatible smart contracts. This broad support includes popular languages such as Solidity, Fe, Rust, and JavaScript, as well as domain-specific languages (DSLs) like MOVE, DeepSEA, and Marlowe. Substrate-based blockchains, particularly those within the Polkadot network, achieve a much higher transactions per second (TPS) rate than Ethereum. Nonetheless, for a smart contract platform, the focus is placed more on the efficiency of compute performance than on TPS throughput. By deploying smart contracts on ParaState, developers can experience these benefits and unlock enhanced capabilities that can transform their applications in real-time. Embrace the future of blockchain technology and explore the possibilities offered by this innovative platform.

Smart contracts utilizing blockchain technology function independently from the internet, which restricts their ability to directly obtain external information. The operations carried out within these smart contracts can be resource-intensive and limited by the available computational power. To overcome these challenges, a Decentralized Oracle Service that supports a variety of blockchains has been created. The DOS Network effectively supplies real-world data, events, and computation to smart contracts in a secure, trustworthy, efficient, and scalable way. By leveraging the DOS Network, numerous applications, including flight delay insurance, can automate compensation mechanisms by linking external insured events with on-chain insurance agreements. Additionally, stablecoins and crypto derivatives depend on the DOS Network for reliable and verifiable real-time price feeds. This setup streamlines the ability of crypto lending platforms to access token exchange rates, integrate borrowers' social media profiles, and dynamically evaluate interest rates without requiring inherent trust. Consequently, the DOS Network significantly boosts the effectiveness and applicability of smart contracts across a multitude of sectors. Moreover, its ability to seamlessly integrate real-world data opens up new possibilities for innovation and efficiency in decentralized applications.

DAppChain acts as a sidechain project for TRON, designed to support decentralized applications (DApps) with reduced energy consumption, enhanced speed, and greater security, thereby boosting the overall functionality of TRON's main network. By employing the same Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) consensus mechanism as the mainchain, this sidechain enables smart contracts and includes nearly all the features available on the mainchain. Users on the TRON network can easily switch to this sidechain, while developers have the chance to quickly transfer existing DApps or develop new ones within the platform. DAppChain prioritizes delivering a highly versatile, fully tailored, and extensively customizable network of various sidechains for all participants in its ecosystem. This adaptability distinguishes each sidechain from the main chain, resulting in considerably lower resource usage. Remarkably, the transaction costs associated with the sidechain are only a tiny fraction of those on the primary chain, rendering it a more cost-effective choice for users. As a result, this forward-thinking approach not only streamlines operations but also promotes wider adoption of DApps throughout the TRON ecosystem, ultimately fostering innovation and collaboration among developers and users alike.

The rise of the internet of money presents a new financial ecosystem that prioritizes transparency, but this transparency comes at a high price, revealing your entire financial history to all stakeholders. In this context, Aztec acts as an invaluable shield, protecting both personal and corporate data in the realm of Web3.0. Utilizing advanced cryptographic methods, Aztec ensures that the identities of both senders and receivers remain hidden, thus securing anonymity in all transactions. Furthermore, the values of these transactions are encrypted, preserving the confidentiality of your cryptocurrency assets. As a result, anyone observing the network cannot ascertain the specific asset or service tied to any transaction. Built on the innovative PLONK standard for universal SNARK technology, Aztec emerges from a remarkable team of cryptographers. Transactions are executed in just seconds across various devices, while our rollup service maximizes gas efficiency and guarantees that settlements are completed within minutes. You can manage and fund your DeFi ventures while preserving your anonymity, and carry out trades securely within the Aztec privacy framework. The scope for private financial innovations—including programmed money, escrow services, streaming payments, and micropayments—stretches only as far as your imagination allows. In this transformative era, your financial endeavors can seamlessly blend efficiency with discretion, opening new avenues for secure transactions in an increasingly interconnected world.

Astar Network acts as a strong and versatile foundation specifically designed for applications within the realm of Web3.0. Built on Parity’s Substrate framework, it has the capability to transition into a Polkadot parachain while also serving as a proficient smart contract platform. A noteworthy aspect is that the Polkadot Relaychain is purposefully constructed without smart contract support, allowing Astar to fill this gap effectively. For developers focused on decentralized applications (dApps), scalability is a primary concern, enabling the creation of a wide variety of applications on Astar Network without the lingering worry of scalability issues. As an open-source project, Astar Network offers countless opportunities for individuals to engage with its ecosystem, inviting contributions from anyone keen on enhancing its features. The goal of Astar Network is to provide a decentralized application platform that is not only scalable and interoperable but also plays a crucial role in shaping the forthcoming landscape of the internet, referred to as Web3.0. Through its community-driven approach, the initiative cultivates an environment rich in innovation and collaboration, fostering a vibrant network of developers and users who are eager to explore new possibilities together. This collaborative spirit ensures that Astar Network remains at the forefront of technological advancements in the decentralized space.