List of the Top 5 Layer 2 Protocols for Axelar in 2025

The latest advancements in layer 2 solutions for Ethereum dApps empower developers to leverage their preferred tools while effectively reducing the expenses associated with scaling their applications. Within this framework, an aggregator functions similarly to a node on Ethereum, allowing client software to execute remote procedure calls (RPCs) through a standardized API to interact with an Arbitrum chain. This aggregator plays a crucial role by transmitting these calls to the EthBridge and returning the results of transactions to the client, reflecting the behavior of a conventional Ethereum node. Although it's common for clients to route their transactions through an aggregator when engaging with an Arbitrum chain, this is not strictly necessary. The architecture permits an unlimited number of aggregators to be created, and there are no restrictions on who can act as an aggregator. To optimize processing efficiency, aggregators often merge several client transactions into a single submission to the Arbitrum chain. Moreover, the Arbitrum ecosystem includes a specialized Sequencer capable of organizing transactions, which leads to rapid transaction confirmations with minimal latency. This groundbreaking arrangement not only enhances overall throughput but also cultivates an adaptable environment where developers can explore and innovate without the constraints of high costs, ultimately promoting greater experimentation within the blockchain space. By providing such flexibility, layer 2 solutions are poised to significantly transform the landscape of decentralized applications.

Scroll is specifically designed for Ethereum developers, acting as a swift, reliable, and scalable Layer 2 blockchain that enhances Ethereum's capabilities while enabling applications to grow effortlessly. It allows for a smooth transition of Ethereum applications to Scroll with bytecode-level compatibility, significantly reducing expenses in the process. Our focus on open development encourages collaboration among contributors who are driven by shared values, leading to the creation of more secure and well-architected systems. By prioritizing a community-focused approach, Scroll aspires to transform and progress the trajectory of Ethereum. Employing advanced zero-knowledge proof technology alongside established EVM frameworks and comprehensive audits, Scroll ensures that our platform is built on a foundation of security and dependability. Moreover, by emphasizing code security through joint open-source initiatives, Scroll protects both developers and users from potential threats, nurturing a resilient ecosystem for innovation. This commitment to security and community engagement not only strengthens our platform but also bodes well for the future of Ethereum as we strive to adapt and advance in the evolving digital landscape. Our vision is to create an environment where developers and users can thrive together, driving further advancements in blockchain technology.

Unichain operates as a Layer 2 solution focused on decentralized finance (DeFi) within the Ethereum ecosystem, designed to serve as a pivotal center for cross-chain liquidity. This innovative platform improves both transaction speed and cost-effectiveness, featuring remarkable block times of only one second and aiming to reduce transaction fees to one-twentieth of conventional Ethereum rates. Leveraging the OP Stack framework, Unichain prioritizes scalability while promoting open-source development, with aspirations for future implementations like Provable Block Building. It caters specifically to the requirements of developers and users in the DeFi space, providing extensive resources for the creation of liquidity pools and the deployment of smart contracts. With a rich background in building the largest decentralized trading protocol in the world, Unichain guarantees that its technological advancements remain open-source, encouraging other rollups to adopt these innovations effortlessly. Furthermore, a dedicated network of full nodes diligently monitors and verifies the sequencer's operations, contributing to enhanced transaction speeds and decentralization within the Unichain network. By fostering transparency and active community participation, Unichain is strategically positioned to lead the charge in the rapidly changing world of decentralized finance, continuously adapting to the evolving demands of this dynamic sector.

Ethereum's new scalability framework guarantees swift transactions and effective smart contract execution. Optimism functions as a Public Benefit Corporation (PBC), which is designed to generate profits while also delivering societal benefits through responsible and sustainable methodologies. This organizational model requires us to balance our shareholders' financial interests with the well-being of those affected by our decisions, adhering to a defined "public benefit charter." The primary goal of the Company is to enhance and protect fair access to public goods on the internet by developing open-source software. This charter reflects our dedication to the Ethereum community, as we work to uphold its core values by building infrastructure that supports the growth and sustainability of a public goods ecosystem. By doing so, we not only seek to advance technological progress but also to promote an inclusive atmosphere where all users can thrive. Ultimately, our efforts aim to bridge the gap between innovation and accessibility, ensuring that the benefits of technology are shared widely.

Polygon, which was previously referred to as Matic Network, is a comprehensive protocol and framework established for the development and interconnection of blockchain networks that are compatible with the Ethereum platform. Despite Ethereum being the favored choice for blockchain initiatives, it has its own set of limitations. Polygon effectively tackles these challenges by offering a straightforward method for deploying pre-configured blockchain networks with a single click, bolstered by a growing selection of modules that aid in the creation of tailored networks. Furthermore, Polygon includes an interoperability protocol that allows for the seamless transfer of messages between Ethereum and various other blockchain ecosystems, in addition to providing a modular and optional “security as a service” feature. Its adaptor modules significantly improve the interoperability of existing blockchain systems, simplifying their integration process. By combining the advantages of Ethereum with those provided by autonomous blockchains, Polygon delivers an attractive range of functionalities aimed specifically at developers. In essence, it is meticulously designed by developers to cater to the unique requirements of their peers, ensuring it aligns well with the evolving demands of the blockchain community while fostering innovation and collaboration within the space.