Top Amazon SageMaker Pipelines Alternatives

Amazon SageMaker provides users with a comprehensive suite of tools and libraries essential for constructing machine learning models, enabling a flexible and iterative process to test different algorithms and evaluate their performance to identify the best fit for particular needs. The platform offers access to over 15 built-in algorithms that have been fine-tuned for optimal performance, along with more than 150 pre-trained models from reputable repositories that can be integrated with minimal effort. Additionally, it incorporates various model-development resources such as Amazon SageMaker Studio Notebooks and RStudio, which support small-scale experimentation, performance analysis, and result evaluation, ultimately aiding in the development of strong prototypes. By leveraging Amazon SageMaker Studio Notebooks, teams can not only speed up the model-building workflow but also foster enhanced collaboration among team members. These notebooks provide one-click access to Jupyter notebooks, enabling users to dive into their projects almost immediately. Moreover, Amazon SageMaker allows for effortless sharing of notebooks with just a single click, ensuring smooth collaboration and knowledge transfer among users. Consequently, these functionalities position Amazon SageMaker as an invaluable asset for individuals and teams aiming to create effective machine learning solutions while maximizing productivity. The platform's user-friendly interface and extensive resources further enhance the machine learning development experience, catering to both novices and seasoned experts alike.

Amazon SageMaker is a robust platform designed to help developers efficiently build, train, and deploy machine learning models. It unites a wide range of tools in a single, integrated environment that accelerates the creation and deployment of both traditional machine learning models and generative AI applications. SageMaker enables seamless data access from diverse sources like Amazon S3 data lakes, Redshift data warehouses, and third-party databases, while offering secure, real-time data processing. The platform provides specialized features for AI use cases, including generative AI, and tools for model training, fine-tuning, and deployment at scale. It also supports enterprise-level security with fine-grained access controls, ensuring compliance and transparency throughout the AI lifecycle. By offering a unified studio for collaboration, SageMaker improves teamwork and productivity. Its comprehensive approach to governance, data management, and model monitoring gives users full confidence in their AI projects.

Build an Azure application in under five minutes with simplicity and efficiency. The platform provides smooth integration with popular application frameworks and boasts an automated CI/CD pipeline that facilitates a more effective development process. You will also gain access to integrated monitoring features via Application Insights, enabling you to deploy on your chosen platform. Thanks to DevOps Projects, you can start your application deployment on any Azure service by following three easy steps: selecting your application language, choosing a runtime, and picking an Azure service. You can work with a diverse array of programming languages, including .NET, Java, PHP, Node.js, Python, and Go, and utilize either their well-known frameworks or push your custom application from a source control repository. Whether deploying on Windows or Linux, you have the choice to utilize Azure Web App, Virtual Machine, Service Fabric, or Azure Kubernetes Service. In spite of the wide variety of choices, the process remains accessible and efficient for all users. Furthermore, you will benefit from detailed performance monitoring, reliable alert systems, and user-friendly dashboards, all of which ensure your applications are highly available and performing at their best. This streamlined method not only boosts productivity but also allows developers to dedicate their time to crafting innovative solutions that can meet diverse business needs. The ease of use and comprehensive features make Azure an attractive option for developers looking to create and manage applications effectively.

Amazon SageMaker JumpStart acts as a versatile center for machine learning (ML), designed to expedite your ML projects effectively. The platform provides users with a selection of various built-in algorithms and pretrained models from model hubs, as well as foundational models that aid in processes like summarizing articles and creating images. It also features preconstructed solutions tailored for common use cases, enhancing usability. Additionally, users have the capability to share ML artifacts, such as models and notebooks, within their organizations, which simplifies the development and deployment of ML models. With an impressive collection of hundreds of built-in algorithms and pretrained models from credible sources like TensorFlow Hub, PyTorch Hub, HuggingFace, and MxNet GluonCV, SageMaker JumpStart offers a wealth of resources. The platform further supports the implementation of these algorithms through the SageMaker Python SDK, making it more accessible for developers. Covering a variety of essential ML tasks, the built-in algorithms cater to the classification of images, text, and tabular data, along with sentiment analysis, providing a comprehensive toolkit for professionals in the field of machine learning. This extensive range of capabilities ensures that users can tackle diverse challenges effectively.

Our platform offers comprehensive support for a wide range of repositories, such as GitHub, GitHub Enterprise, Bitbucket, GitLab, Azure Repos, Kiln, Gitea, and more customizable options. Users can set up their builds using a version-controlled YAML file or by utilizing an intuitive interface. Each build operates in a fresh, isolated environment, which guarantees both consistency and reliability throughout the development process. The system features an integrated deployment capability, as well as a NuGet server for package management. It accommodates branch and pull request builds, allowing for smooth integration into existing development workflows. Our dedicated support team and vibrant community are always ready to assist you with any inquiries. We specialize in continuous integration solutions designed specifically for Windows developers, offering a complimentary service for open-source projects while also providing subscription plans for private projects and on-premises AppVeyor Enterprise installations. You can expect quicker app building, testing, and deployment across any platform, with an efficient setup process that is compatible with any source control system, complete with fast build virtual machines that provide admin or sudo access. Moreover, our platform supports multi-stage deployments and is fully compatible with Windows, Linux, and macOS environments. Installation is straightforward and efficient on multiple operating systems, enabling unlimited pipelines to function locally, within Docker, or in any cloud infrastructure. You can take advantage of unlimited users, projects, jobs, clouds, and agents at no charge. By leveraging this powerful platform, your development process can be significantly optimized and made more productive, ultimately leading to better software outcomes. Additionally, our ongoing commitment to innovation ensures that we will continue to enhance our offerings to meet the evolving needs of developers.

Amazon SageMaker Data Wrangler dramatically reduces the time necessary for data collection and preparation for machine learning, transforming a multi-week process into mere minutes. By employing SageMaker Data Wrangler, users can simplify the data preparation and feature engineering stages, efficiently managing every component of the workflow—ranging from selecting, cleaning, exploring, visualizing, to processing large datasets—all within a cohesive visual interface. With the ability to query desired data from a wide variety of sources using SQL, rapid data importation becomes possible. After this, the Data Quality and Insights report can be utilized to automatically evaluate the integrity of your data, identifying any anomalies like duplicate entries and potential target leakage problems. Additionally, SageMaker Data Wrangler provides over 300 pre-built data transformations, facilitating swift modifications without requiring any coding skills. Upon completion of data preparation, users can scale their workflows to manage entire datasets through SageMaker's data processing capabilities, which ultimately supports the training, tuning, and deployment of machine learning models. This all-encompassing tool not only boosts productivity but also enables users to concentrate on effectively constructing and enhancing their models. As a result, the overall machine learning workflow becomes smoother and more efficient, paving the way for better outcomes in data-driven projects.

Amazon SageMaker Studio Lab provides a free machine learning development environment that features computing resources, up to 15GB of storage, and security measures, empowering individuals to delve into and learn about machine learning without incurring any costs. To get started with this service, users only need a valid email address, eliminating the need for setting up infrastructure, managing identities and access, or creating a separate AWS account. The platform simplifies the model-building experience through seamless integration with GitHub and includes a variety of popular ML tools, frameworks, and libraries, allowing for immediate hands-on involvement. Moreover, SageMaker Studio Lab automatically saves your progress, ensuring that you can easily pick up right where you left off if you close your laptop and come back later. This intuitive environment is crafted to facilitate your educational journey in machine learning, making it accessible and user-friendly for everyone. In essence, SageMaker Studio Lab lays a solid groundwork for those eager to explore the field of machine learning and develop their skills effectively. The combination of its resources and ease of use truly democratizes access to machine learning education.

Amazon SageMaker Studio is a robust integrated development environment (IDE) that provides a cohesive web-based visual platform, empowering users with specialized resources for every stage of machine learning (ML) development, from data preparation to the design, training, and deployment of ML models, thus significantly boosting the productivity of data science teams by up to 10 times. Users can quickly upload datasets, start new notebooks, and participate in model training and tuning, while easily moving between various stages of development to enhance their experiments. Collaboration within teams is made easier, allowing for the straightforward deployment of models into production directly within the SageMaker Studio interface. This platform supports the entire ML lifecycle, from managing raw data to overseeing the deployment and monitoring of ML models, all through a single, comprehensive suite of tools available in a web-based visual format. Users can efficiently navigate through different phases of the ML process to refine their models, as well as replay training experiments, modify model parameters, and analyze results, which helps ensure a smooth workflow within SageMaker Studio for greater efficiency. Additionally, the platform's capabilities promote a culture of collaborative innovation and thorough experimentation, making it a vital asset for teams looking to push the boundaries of machine learning development. Ultimately, SageMaker Studio not only optimizes the machine learning development journey but also cultivates an environment rich in creativity and scientific inquiry. Amazon SageMaker Unified Studio is an all-in-one platform for AI and machine learning development, combining data discovery, processing, and model creation in one secure and collaborative environment. It integrates services like Amazon EMR, Amazon SageMaker, and Amazon Bedrock.

Tekton is a cutting-edge cloud-native framework tailored for building CI/CD systems. It includes essential components known as Tekton Pipelines and is complemented by tools such as Tekton CLI and Tekton Catalog, which together create a robust ecosystem. By providing a standardized approach to CI/CD tools and workflows across different vendors, programming languages, and deployment environments, Tekton promotes both consistency and versatility. Furthermore, it integrates effortlessly with widely-used tools like Jenkins, Jenkins X, Skaffold, and Knative, among others. By simplifying core functionalities, Tekton enables teams to customize their build, testing, and deployment processes according to their unique requirements. This level of flexibility fosters the swift development of CI/CD systems, delivering efficient, scalable, and serverless cloud-native execution from the outset. Overall, Tekton empowers organizations to embrace contemporary CI/CD methodologies with remarkable ease and adaptability, thereby enhancing their development workflows.

Amazon SageMaker streamlines the process of deploying machine learning models for predictions, providing a high level of price-performance efficiency across a multitude of applications. It boasts a comprehensive selection of ML infrastructure and deployment options designed to meet a wide range of inference needs. As a fully managed service, it easily integrates with MLOps tools, allowing you to effectively scale your model deployments, reduce inference costs, better manage production models, and tackle operational challenges. Whether you require responses in milliseconds or need to process hundreds of thousands of requests per second, Amazon SageMaker is equipped to meet all your inference specifications, including specialized fields such as natural language processing and computer vision. The platform's robust features empower you to elevate your machine learning processes, making it an invaluable asset for optimizing your workflows. With such advanced capabilities, leveraging SageMaker can significantly enhance the effectiveness of your machine learning initiatives.

The Ozone platform enables businesses to efficiently and safely deploy contemporary applications. By streamlining DevOps tool management, Ozone simplifies the process of deploying applications on Kubernetes. It seamlessly integrates your current DevOps tools to enhance the automation of your application delivery workflow. With automated pipeline processes, deployments are expedited, and infrastructure management can be handled on-demand. Additionally, it enforces compliance policies and governance for large-scale app deployments to mitigate the risk of financial losses. This unified interface facilitates real-time collaboration among engineering, DevOps, and security teams during application releases, fostering a more cohesive workflow. Embracing this platform can significantly improve overall operational efficiency and enhance productivity across various teams.

Choose the tools that align perfectly with your requirements, and we will take care of the rest. Design a customized CI/CD stack that meets your organization's goals without concerns about vendor lock-in. By removing the necessity for manual scripts and intricate toolchain automation, your engineers can focus on core business functions. Our pipeline workflows embrace a declarative methodology, which allows you to emphasize critical tasks rather than the techniques needed to complete them, addressing components such as software builds, security evaluations, unit tests, and deployment procedures. With the integration of Blueprints, you can easily diagnose issues directly within Opsera, aided by comprehensive console output for each stage of your pipeline's performance. Obtain a complete perspective on your CI/CD process with in-depth software delivery analytics that monitor metrics like Lead Time, Change Failure Rate, Deployment Frequency, and Time to Restore. Moreover, enjoy the advantages of contextualized logs that enable faster problem-solving while improving auditing and compliance practices, ensuring your operations stay effective and transparent. This efficient strategy not only fosters enhanced productivity but also encourages teams to explore innovative solutions without constraints, ultimately driving greater success for your organization.

The SageMaker Edge Agent is designed to gather both data and metadata according to your specified parameters, which supports the retraining of existing models with real-world data or the creation of entirely new models. The information collected can also be used for various analytical purposes, such as evaluating model drift. There are three different deployment options to choose from. One option is GGv2, which is about 100MB and offers a fully integrated solution within AWS IoT. For those using devices with constrained capabilities, we provide a more compact deployment option built into SageMaker Edge. Additionally, we support clients who wish to utilize alternative deployment methods by permitting the integration of third-party solutions into our workflow. Moreover, Amazon SageMaker Edge Manager includes a dashboard that presents insights into the performance of models deployed throughout your network, allowing for a visual overview of fleet health and identifying any underperforming models. This extensive monitoring feature empowers users to make educated decisions regarding the management and upkeep of their models, ensuring optimal performance across all deployments. In essence, the combination of these tools enhances the overall effectiveness and reliability of model management strategies.

Improve machine learning models by capturing real-time training metrics and initiating alerts for any detected anomalies. To reduce both training time and expenses, the training process can automatically stop once the desired accuracy is achieved. Additionally, it is crucial to continuously evaluate and oversee system resource utilization, generating alerts when any limitations are detected to enhance resource efficiency. With the use of Amazon SageMaker Debugger, the troubleshooting process during training can be significantly accelerated, turning what usually takes days into just a few minutes by automatically pinpointing and notifying users about prevalent training challenges, such as extreme gradient values. Alerts can be conveniently accessed through Amazon SageMaker Studio or configured via Amazon CloudWatch. Furthermore, the SageMaker Debugger SDK is specifically crafted to autonomously recognize new types of model-specific errors, encompassing issues related to data sampling, hyperparameter configurations, and values that surpass acceptable thresholds, thereby further strengthening the reliability of your machine learning models. This proactive methodology not only conserves time but also guarantees that your models consistently operate at peak performance levels, ultimately leading to better outcomes and improved overall efficiency.

Amazon SageMaker Clarify provides machine learning practitioners with advanced tools aimed at deepening their insights into both training datasets and model functionality. This innovative solution detects and evaluates potential biases through diverse metrics, empowering developers to address bias challenges and elucidate the predictions generated by their models. SageMaker Clarify is adept at uncovering biases throughout different phases: during the data preparation process, after training, and within deployed models. For instance, it allows users to analyze age-related biases present in their data or models, producing detailed reports that outline various types of bias. Moreover, SageMaker Clarify offers feature importance scores to facilitate the understanding of model predictions, as well as the capability to generate explainability reports in both bulk and real-time through online explainability. These reports prove to be extremely useful for internal presentations or client discussions, while also helping to identify possible issues related to the model. In essence, SageMaker Clarify acts as an essential resource for developers aiming to promote fairness and transparency in their machine learning projects, ultimately fostering trust and accountability in their AI solutions. By ensuring that developers have access to these insights, SageMaker Clarify helps to pave the way for more responsible AI development.

Amazon SageMaker Model Training simplifies the training and fine-tuning of machine learning (ML) models at scale, significantly reducing both time and costs while removing the burden of infrastructure management. This platform enables users to tap into some of the cutting-edge ML computing resources available, with the flexibility of scaling infrastructure seamlessly from a single GPU to thousands to ensure peak performance. By adopting a pay-as-you-go pricing structure, maintaining training costs becomes more manageable. To boost the efficiency of deep learning model training, SageMaker offers distributed training libraries that adeptly spread large models and datasets across numerous AWS GPU instances, while also allowing the integration of third-party tools like DeepSpeed, Horovod, or Megatron for enhanced performance. The platform facilitates effective resource management by providing a wide range of GPU and CPU options, including the P4d.24xl instances, which are celebrated as the fastest training instances in the cloud environment. Users can effortlessly designate data locations, select suitable SageMaker instance types, and commence their training workflows with just a single click, making the process remarkably straightforward. Ultimately, SageMaker serves as an accessible and efficient gateway to leverage machine learning technology, removing the typical complications associated with infrastructure management, and enabling users to focus on refining their models for better outcomes.

AWS CodeDeploy is an all-encompassing deployment solution that simplifies the delivery of software across multiple compute environments, including Amazon EC2, AWS Fargate, AWS Lambda, and local servers. Leveraging AWS CodeDeploy enables the efficient rollout of new features while significantly reducing downtime linked to application updates, as it alleviates the challenges often associated with deployment procedures. The service automates the deployment process, thereby diminishing the dependency on manual techniques that frequently lead to errors. Moreover, AWS CodeDeploy is crafted to adapt to your deployment needs, providing the necessary flexibility as your requirements change over time. Its compatibility spans various platforms and programming languages, ensuring a uniform deployment experience, whether utilizing Amazon EC2, AWS Fargate, or AWS Lambda. You can easily reuse existing setup code, which aids in creating a more seamless transition. Additionally, CodeDeploy integrates effortlessly with your existing software release frameworks or continuous delivery systems, such as AWS CodePipeline, GitHub, and Jenkins, thereby improving your entire development workflow. This capacity for integration not only boosts team productivity but also fosters a smoother transition to automated deployment strategies, making it a valuable asset for modern software development. Ultimately, AWS CodeDeploy helps teams to innovate rapidly while maintaining reliability in their deployment processes.

Amazon SageMaker Autopilot streamlines the creation of machine learning models by taking care of the intricate details on your behalf. You simply need to upload a tabular dataset and specify the target column for prediction; from there, SageMaker Autopilot methodically assesses a range of techniques to find the most suitable model. Once the best model is determined, you can easily deploy it into production with just one click, or you have the option to enhance the recommended solutions for improved performance. It also adeptly handles datasets with missing values, as it automatically fills those gaps, provides statistical insights about the dataset features, and derives useful information from non-numeric data types, such as extracting date and time details from timestamps. Moreover, the intuitive interface of this tool ensures that it is accessible not only to experienced data scientists but also to beginners who are just starting out. This makes it an ideal solution for anyone looking to leverage machine learning without needing extensive expertise.

Amazon SageMaker Feature Store is a specialized, fully managed storage solution created to store, share, and manage essential features necessary for machine learning (ML) models. These features act as inputs for ML models during both the training and inference stages. For example, in a music recommendation system, pertinent features could include song ratings, listening duration, and listener demographic data. The capacity to reuse features across multiple teams is crucial, as the quality of these features plays a significant role in determining the precision of ML models. Additionally, aligning features used in offline batch training with those needed for real-time inference can present substantial difficulties. SageMaker Feature Store addresses this issue by providing a secure and integrated platform that supports feature use throughout the entire ML lifecycle. This functionality enables users to efficiently store, share, and manage features for both training and inference purposes, promoting the reuse of features across various ML projects. Moreover, it allows for the seamless integration of features from diverse data sources, including both streaming and batch inputs, such as application logs, service logs, clickstreams, and sensor data, thereby ensuring a thorough approach to feature collection. By streamlining these processes, the Feature Store enhances collaboration among data scientists and engineers, ultimately leading to more accurate and effective ML solutions.

A modern CI/CD solution tailored for mainframes ensures that your code pipelines maintain security, stability, and efficiency throughout the entire DevOps lifecycle. With BMC Compuware ISPW, you can confidently and quickly build, test, and deploy mainframe code while prioritizing safety. This innovative tool equips developers of all skill levels to improve the quality, speed, and effectiveness of their software development and deployment workflows. ISPW stands out as a powerful option for managing mainframe source code (SCM) along with executing build and deployment tasks, while also offering seamless integration with enterprise Git systems. It facilitates connections with contemporary DevOps toolchains through REST APIs and command line interfaces (CLIs), providing the flexibility to work in various environments such as Eclipse-based Topaz, ISPF, or VS Code. Additionally, it supports the automation, standardization, and monitoring of deployments across multiple target environments. The tool enables concurrent development by allowing multiple contributors to work on the same program, effectively identifying conflicts early through intuitive displays that provide real-time updates on all programs during their lifecycle. Ultimately, utilizing ISPW not only simplifies processes but also promotes collaboration among teams, leading to enhanced overall productivity, and fostering an environment where innovation can thrive. This makes it an indispensable asset for organizations looking to optimize their mainframe development efforts.

Amazon SageMaker Model Monitor allows users to select particular data for oversight and examination without requiring any coding skills. It offers a range of features, including the ability to monitor prediction outputs, while also gathering critical metadata such as timestamps, model identifiers, and endpoints, thereby simplifying the evaluation of model predictions in conjunction with this metadata. For scenarios involving a high volume of real-time predictions, users can specify a sampling rate that reflects a percentage of the overall traffic, with all captured data securely stored in a designated Amazon S3 bucket. Additionally, there is an option to encrypt this data and implement comprehensive security configurations, which include data retention policies and measures for access control to ensure that access remains secure. To further bolster analysis capabilities, Amazon SageMaker Model Monitor incorporates built-in statistical rules designed to detect data drift and evaluate model performance effectively. Users also have the ability to create custom rules and define specific thresholds for each rule, which provides a personalized monitoring experience that meets individual needs. With its extensive flexibility and robust security features, SageMaker Model Monitor stands out as an essential tool for preserving the integrity and effectiveness of machine learning models, making it invaluable for data-driven decision-making processes.

Buddy is an innovative platform designed to facilitate the processes of building, testing, and deploying applications and websites. With more than 100 pre-configured actions and numerous integrations, it streamlines everything from website delivery to app deployments and builds, making it incredibly user-friendly. This tool allows even the most intricate CI/CD workflows to be established in just a matter of minutes, positioning Buddy as a leader in DevOps adoption. Its speed is unmatched, thanks to features like intelligent change detection, advanced caching, and parallel processing. Additionally, Buddy provides seamless access to various technologies, including Docker, Kubernetes, Serverless, and Blockchain, ensuring your stack is always one click away. It serves as a low-friction automation solution, simplifying DevOps for developers, designers, and QA teams alike. Ultimately, Buddy empowers users to achieve rapid app and website development, making it an essential tool in today’s fast-paced digital landscape.

Amazon SageMaker Canvas significantly improves the accessibility of machine learning (ML) for business analysts by providing a user-friendly visual interface that allows them to independently create accurate ML predictions, even if they lack prior ML expertise or coding abilities. This straightforward point-and-click interface streamlines the processes of connecting, preparing, analyzing, and exploring data essential for building ML models and generating dependable predictions. Users can easily construct ML models that support what-if analysis and facilitate both individual and bulk predictions with minimal effort. Moreover, the platform encourages teamwork between business analysts and data scientists by allowing the sharing, review, and updating of ML models across various tools. It also supports the import of ML models from different sources, enabling predictions to be generated directly within Amazon SageMaker Canvas. With this innovative tool, users can source data from multiple origins, select the variables they wish to analyze, and automate data preparation and exploration processes, simplifying and expediting the development of ML models. Once the models are built, users can efficiently perform analyses and obtain precise predictions, thereby maximizing the effectiveness of their data-driven initiatives. Ultimately, this robust solution empowers organizations to leverage the advantages of machine learning without the complex learning curve that typically accompanies it, making it an invaluable asset in the realm of business analytics. In this way, Amazon SageMaker Canvas not only democratizes machine learning but also enhances overall business intelligence capabilities.

Continue to follow your regular practices while using Jupyter Notebooks or any Python environment. Simply call modelbi.deploy to initiate your model, enabling Modelbit to handle it alongside all related dependencies in a production setting. Machine learning models deployed through Modelbit can be easily accessed from your data warehouse, just like calling a SQL function. Furthermore, these models are available as a REST endpoint directly from your application, providing additional flexibility. Modelbit seamlessly integrates with your git repository, whether it be GitHub, GitLab, or a bespoke solution. It accommodates code review processes, CI/CD pipelines, pull requests, and merge requests, allowing you to weave your complete git workflow into your Python machine learning models. This platform also boasts smooth integration with tools such as Hex, DeepNote, Noteable, and more, making it simple to migrate your model straight from your favorite cloud notebook into a live environment. If you struggle with VPC configurations and IAM roles, you can quickly redeploy your SageMaker models to Modelbit without hassle. By leveraging the models you have already created, you can benefit from Modelbit's platform and enhance your machine learning deployment process significantly. In essence, Modelbit not only simplifies deployment but also optimizes your entire workflow for greater efficiency and productivity.

JFrog Pipelines empowers software development teams to speed up the update delivery process by automating their DevOps workflows in a secure and efficient way across all involved tools and teams. It encompasses key functionalities such as continuous integration (CI), continuous delivery (CD), and infrastructure management, effectively automating the complete journey from code creation to production deployment. This solution is tightly integrated with the JFrog Platform and is available through both cloud-based and on-premises subscription options. It boasts horizontal scalability, offering a centralized management system that can support thousands of users and pipelines within a high-availability (HA) framework. Users can easily build complex pipelines with pre-built declarative steps that eliminate the need for scripting, enabling the connection of multiple teams in the process. Additionally, it collaborates with a broad spectrum of DevOps tools, allowing different steps within the same pipeline to function across various operating systems and architectures, thereby reducing the need for multiple CI/CD solutions. This adaptability positions JFrog Pipelines as an invaluable tool for teams looking to optimize their software delivery workflows while ensuring seamless integration across different platforms. Its ability to handle diverse environments makes it a pivotal resource for modern software development.

Amazon SageMaker offers a suite of tools designed for the identification and organization of diverse raw data types such as images, text, and videos, enabling users to apply significant labels and generate synthetic labeled data that is vital for creating robust training datasets for machine learning (ML) initiatives. The platform encompasses two main solutions: Amazon SageMaker Ground Truth Plus and Amazon SageMaker Ground Truth, both of which allow users to either engage expert teams to oversee the data labeling tasks or manage their own workflows independently. For users who prefer to retain oversight of their data labeling efforts, SageMaker Ground Truth serves as a user-friendly service that streamlines the labeling process and facilitates the involvement of human annotators from platforms like Amazon Mechanical Turk, in addition to third-party services or in-house staff. This flexibility not only boosts the efficiency of the data preparation stage but also significantly enhances the quality of the outputs, which are essential for the successful implementation of machine learning projects. Ultimately, the capabilities of Amazon SageMaker significantly reduce the barriers to effective data labeling and management, making it a valuable asset for those engaged in the data-driven landscape of AI development.

Spinnaker is an open-source platform tailored for multi-cloud continuous delivery, facilitating swift and assured software deployments. Originally crafted by Netflix, it has established its dependability in production settings for various teams, accumulating millions of successful deployments. The platform features a powerful pipeline management system and integrates smoothly with major cloud service providers. Users can deploy applications across diverse cloud environments such as AWS EC2, Kubernetes, Google Compute Engine, Google Kubernetes Engine, Google App Engine, Microsoft Azure, Openstack, Cloud Foundry, and Oracle Cloud Infrastructure, with plans to support DC/OS in the future. It provides the means to create deployment pipelines capable of performing integration and system testing, dynamically managing server groups, and offering monitoring throughout the rollout processes. Pipelines can be initiated by a range of events, including git activities, Jenkins, Travis CI, Docker, CRON jobs, or even other Spinnaker pipelines. Additionally, Spinnaker allows for the development and deployment of immutable images, which contribute to quicker rollouts, simpler rollbacks, and help mitigate issues related to configuration drift that can be challenging to resolve. By harnessing these capabilities, Spinnaker empowers teams to enhance their software delivery workflows, fostering a more agile and efficient deployment approach. This adaptability not only improves team productivity but also promotes a culture of continuous improvement and innovation within organizations.

For organizations implementing GitHub Actions within their CI/CD frameworks who are wary about pipeline security, the StepSecurity platform presents a comprehensive solution. This platform facilitates the integration of network egress controls and bolsters the security of CI/CD infrastructures tailored specifically for GitHub Actions runners. By pinpointing potential risks within CI/CD processes and uncovering misconfigurations in GitHub Actions, users are empowered to protect their workflows effectively. Furthermore, it enables the standardization of CI/CD pipeline as code files through automated pull requests, simplifying the overall process. In addition, StepSecurity offers runtime security strategies to counter threats like the SolarWinds and Codecov incidents by efficiently blocking egress traffic via an allowlist method. Users gain real-time, contextual insights into network and file events during all workflow executions, which enhances monitoring and response capabilities. The ability to manage network egress traffic is further refined with detailed job-level policies and overarching cluster-wide regulations, significantly boosting security measures. It's crucial to acknowledge that many GitHub Actions often suffer from inadequate maintenance, which can lead to substantial risks. While companies might choose to fork these Actions, maintaining them can become an expensive endeavor. By outsourcing the duties of assessing, forking, and sustaining these Actions to StepSecurity, businesses not only lower their risks significantly but also conserve valuable time and resources. Ultimately, this collaboration not only improves security but also allows teams to concentrate on innovation instead of grappling with outdated tools, paving the way for a more efficient development environment.

Easily create and visualize complex workflows using GoCD, which features a detailed value stream map that encapsulates your entire production journey at a glance. You can effortlessly navigate through various jobs, pinpoint inefficiencies, and enhance your workflow without relying on extra plugins since GoCD delivers built-in continuous delivery (CD) solutions. It improves your CD practices across popular cloud environments such as Kubernetes, Docker, AWS, and others. With its sophisticated modeling constructs, capabilities for parallel execution, and robust dependency management, GoCD excels in managing challenging CD workflows while providing swift feedback. Moreover, GoCD empowers users to troubleshoot a failing pipeline by tracking every change from commit to deployment in real time. Users are also able to compare different types of content, including files and commit messages, across any two chosen builds. Its adaptable plugin architecture allows GoCD to effortlessly connect with various widely-used external tools and services. We have carefully crafted the upgrade path for GoCD to ensure it remains smooth and non-intrusive, even when plugins are in use, providing a seamless user experience. A wealth of high-quality, curated plugins is readily accessible, further enhancing the capabilities and flexibility of GoCD. This dedication to integration and user-friendliness positions GoCD as an exceptional choice for teams aiming to streamline their delivery processes. Additionally, the platform's ongoing updates and community support ensure that users have access to the latest features and improvements.

Giskard offers tools for AI and business teams to assess and test machine learning models through automated evaluations and collective feedback. By streamlining collaboration, Giskard enhances the process of validating ML models, ensuring that biases, drift, or regressions are addressed effectively prior to deploying these models into a production environment. This proactive approach not only boosts efficiency but also fosters confidence in the integrity of the models being utilized.

Each module can function on its own or in combination to form a robust integrated pipeline that encompasses Continuous Integration (CI), Continuous Deployment (CD), and Feature Flags. All Harness modules leverage the capabilities of AI and machine learning to enhance their performance. Our algorithms are designed to verify deployments, pinpoint opportunities for test optimization, suggest recommendations for cloud cost savings, and restore the system to its previous state in the event of a rollback. They also play a crucial role in facilitating complex deployment patterns, identifying anomalies in cloud costs, and initiating a variety of other tasks. Staring at dashboards and logs post-deployment can be tedious; let us handle the monotonous tasks for you. Harness systematically evaluates the logs, metrics, traces, and other relevant data from your observability systems to assess the health and status of each deployment. If a problematic deployment is identified, Harness is capable of automatically reverting to the most recent stable version, ensuring a seamless experience for users. This automation not only saves time but also minimizes the risk of human error during critical deployment processes.

Elevate your development process by integrating Continuous Integration (CI), whether through cloud solutions or on a dedicated private server. Embrace the chance to monitor your code and manage all sources of changes effectively. By using CircleCI, you can verify modifications at every step, allowing you to deploy updates exactly when they are needed by your users, all while trusting in their reliability. Enjoy the liberty to create without limitations, as our platform accommodates coding in multiple languages and various execution environments. If you can envision it, we have the tools to build, test, and deploy it effortlessly. Our flexible environments, combined with thousands of available integrations, ensure that the only constraints on your pipelines are those of your creativity. Additionally, we take pride in being the only CI/CD platform that has attained both FedRAMP certification and SOC 2 Type II compliance. You have full authority over your code with essential features like audit logs, OpenID Connect, third-party secrets management, and LDAP, which empower you to handle your development process with maximum security and efficiency. This extensive control not only fosters innovation but also ensures adherence to industry regulations, giving you peace of mind as you push boundaries. Overall, adopting CI will significantly enhance your workflow and provide the tools necessary for sustained growth and improvement.

Introducing the innovative DevOps Value Stream Platform tailored exclusively for Salesforce. Unveil the remarkable capabilities of Copado’s Winter ’21 release, which transforms how organizations leverage their cloud platform to boost profitability. With Copado DevOps, you can facilitate continuous value delivery straight from Salesforce, significantly improving your organization's financial outcomes. Establish streamlined release pipelines to efficiently manage Salesforce metadata while ensuring that all your organizations remain perfectly aligned. Optimize your sprint and feature planning by employing user stories, epics, and comprehensive integrations with prominent tools like Azure DevOps and Jira. Benefit from integrated quality gates and automated testing procedures that enhance product quality and uphold regulatory compliance. All these features are readily accessible on the secure and reliable Salesforce Platform. Leverage DevOps 360 Analytics for effective measurement and monitoring, and refine agile methodologies and workflows with the assistance of Value Stream Maps. Our flexible architecture supports seamless integration with existing version control, ALM, and automation tools. As the premier Native DevOps solution for Salesforce, teams can anticipate achieving significant advantages in just weeks, rather than enduring lengthy timelines of months or years. Embrace the transformative power of a dedicated approach to DevOps and witness the positive changes it can bring to your organization today, setting the stage for ongoing success and innovation.

CTO.ai functions as an automation platform that incorporates a flexible CI/CD runtime and Instant Staging URLs, significantly accelerating your development processes over time. By simplifying application launches, it alleviates developers from the complexities associated with infrastructure requirements. The platform’s capability to generate staging environments on demand enables teams to thoroughly test changes using either a private URL or a personalized domain, facilitating smooth User Acceptance Testing (UAT) for clients. Moreover, it automates the continuous delivery of updates to these environments, allowing for timely deployment of production services to your cloud. The seamless integration with GitHub further enhances this process, as it enables easy triggering of actions in response to events like git pushes or manual releases initiated through ChatOps commands. This holistic approach not only optimizes time management but also contributes to a more effective deployment strategy. In the end, CTO.ai empowers teams to focus on innovation rather than getting bogged down by operational hurdles.

Efficient mobile CI/CD solutions are designed to save developers time and resources while minimizing frustration. They offer speed, adaptability, expandability, and user-friendliness. Whether your preference lies in native or cross-platform CI/CD, we accommodate your needs seamlessly. Our services encompass a wide range of programming languages, including Swift, Objective-C, Java, Kotlin, Xamarin, Cordova, and Ionic, among others. Bitrise is compatible with any Git platform, be it public, private, or ad-hoc, including well-known services like Bitbucket and GitHub Enterprise. This system is versatile, functioning effectively both in cloud environments and on-premises setups. You can set up scheduled pull requests for specific times, initiate builds from pull requests, or design customized webhooks to fit your workflow. The ability to run workflows as needed empowers you to integrate essential tasks like conducting integration tests, deploying to device farms, and distributing apps to testers or app stores, enhancing your development process even further. With this flexibility, your team can focus more on innovation rather than getting bogged down by operational challenges.

In scenarios where it is crucial to uphold comprehensive oversight and control while leveraging an automated CI/CD toolchain that effortlessly integrates with your enterprise framework, every project can engage in distinct life cycles. These life cycles provide customized workflows that enable the automation of essential tasks, effectively managing the development and release stages. The system is designed to support both Release and Package-based builds across various environments, including Distributed systems and Mainframes. Continuous integration (CI) can be utilized along with options for builds that can be scheduled or executed on demand. Once a release is created, it is stored as an archive for future reference, ensuring accessibility. Furthermore, the framework accommodates different build types such as Full Build, Partial Build, Production-based Partial Build, or tag-based Partial Build, allowing for flexibility. After the build is finalized, the automated deployment mechanism transfers the release or package to the designated Test or Production environment. Each solution incorporates a distinct set of pre-defined yet customizable actions—known as "Solution Phases"—to facilitate and automate the deployment process, guaranteeing efficiency and uniformity throughout the project lifecycle. This systematic approach not only boosts productivity but also significantly minimizes the potential for errors during the deployment phase, ultimately leading to a more reliable and streamlined development process. By incorporating this level of automation, teams can focus more on innovation and less on manual tasks.

Codemagic's macOS build environments are designed to streamline the development of hybrid applications, featuring a wide range of preinstalled tools and software. You can easily set up your Cordova Android and iOS application builds and workflows using a single codemagic.yaml file, which enhances efficiency. To ensure optimal performance for your Android and iOS applications, Codemagic offers automated testing on simulators, emulators, and real devices, providing immediate feedback on your build results. Integration with the Apple Developer Portal simplifies the iOS code signing process, making it easy to deploy applications to both App Store Connect and Google Play. Likewise, you can configure your React Native app builds and workflows with the same simplicity in a single codemagic.yaml file. Codemagic's macOS build machines come equipped with various versions of Xcode, Android SDK, and npm preinstalled, making Android and iOS builds straightforward and hassle-free. Additionally, Codemagic greatly facilitates the automation of testing for your React Native applications across multiple testing platforms, ensuring thorough quality assurance. This all-encompassing strategy not only increases productivity but also significantly improves the overall developer experience, paving the way for more innovative and efficient application development.

Content-based caching guarantees that repetitive tasks on the same files won’t need to be redone, enabling Mint to provide a cache hit instead of re-executing the original command. When identical operations are conducted on the same files, the system further enhances efficiency by pulling results directly from the cache. In addition, the semantic outputs feature presents an advanced and visually engaging user interface that clearly differentiates between various outputs, such as test results and linter errors, rather than relying on a basic text log. This capability is further supported by a task-based directed acyclic graph (DAG) execution model, which facilitates the formation of more efficient workflows, removing the hassle of tedious copy-pasting and promoting optimal parallel execution. The functionality for remote debugging allows users to set breakpoints within ongoing tasks and utilize a bash shell as required, enhancing the overall experience. Instead of aimlessly hunting for bugs, Mint provides targeted recommendations on the necessary alterations, streamlining the debugging process significantly. Moreover, the Mint command-line interface (CLI) grants users the flexibility to either execute tasks locally or push code changes for testing, ensuring that adjustments can be tested swiftly and effectively. This comprehensive set of features enables developers to concentrate on coding without the persistent annoyance of unnecessary code pushes, ultimately fostering a more productive environment. By removing these repetitive hurdles, Mint significantly enhances the overall workflow and user satisfaction.

Administrators along with non-technical users will find it easier to configure, test, and launch applications with minimal disruptions. AppOps streamlines the entire process of low-code applications, providing administrators with intuitive tools for managing changes, controlling versions, conducting regression tests, and deploying reference data. By automating the often tedious process of reference data deployments across Salesforce organizations, AppOps accelerates the management of releases. Our templates simplify the handling of intricate relational data sets, allowing you to deploy faster than you can say "change set." It is important to note that even minor adjustments can lead to unforeseen outcomes. To mitigate these risks, we offer automated regression testing, ensuring that bugs are identified and resolved before they reach production. This ultimately supports the smooth operation of applications while allowing for the confident introduction of new features. With such robust support in place, users can focus more on innovation and less on troubleshooting.

Do you prefer a quick setup for all your requirements, or do you appreciate the freedom to customize your environment and workflow according to your preferences? CodeShip allows developers to select the most suitable path for their individual needs, boosting productivity and enabling teams to evolve over time. It provides an extensive array of features, including deployment automation, notification systems, code coverage analysis, security checks, and on-premise source control management, which facilitates smooth integration with essential tools, services, or cloud platforms for an optimized workflow experience. Our aim is to ensure that CodeShip is not only user-friendly but also offers rapid and thorough support for developers when needed. Access to knowledgeable technical support without delay is vital when you face challenges or need guidance, and that is a promise we uphold at CodeShip. You can kick off your builds and deployments in under five minutes, thanks to CodeShip's simple environment and user-friendly interface. As your projects grow, you have the option to evolve into more sophisticated workflows and utilize configuration-as-code, allowing your tools to adapt alongside your changing needs. This adaptable strategy guarantees that your workflow remains responsive to your evolving requirements, helping you maintain momentum in your development process. Ultimately, CodeShip is committed to enhancing your development experience while ensuring that you never feel limited by your tools.

Jenkins, a leading open-source automation server, features a vast array of plugins that streamline the processes of building, deploying, and automating projects. Its flexibility enables Jenkins to serve not just as a basic continuous integration (CI) server but also as a robust continuous delivery platform suited for a variety of projects. This independent, Java-powered application is ready for immediate use, with installation options for Windows, Linux, macOS, and various Unix-like systems. Setting up Jenkins is made simple through its user-friendly web interface, which includes real-time error detection and built-in guidance. With countless plugins available in the Update Center, Jenkins integrates effortlessly with nearly every tool in the continuous integration and delivery ecosystem. The architecture of these plugins allows for substantial growth, providing nearly infinite possibilities for augmenting Jenkins’s capabilities. Furthermore, Jenkins can effectively distribute tasks across several machines, which significantly speeds up the processes of building, testing, and deploying in diverse environments, ultimately enhancing productivity. This remarkable adaptability positions Jenkins as an essential component in contemporary software development workflows, making it a favored choice among developers. Its ongoing evolution ensures that Jenkins remains relevant and powerful in meeting the ever-changing needs of software projects.

The ability to design cutting-edge digital experiences requires both flexibility and control. By eliminating the necessity to oversee and develop fundamental infrastructure, you can streamline your workflow. You can quickly generate an application copy for each Git branch, facilitating rapid updates, testing, and deployment to live environments. Achieving automated deployments, stable settings, and a uniform development process becomes feasible without the burden of managing infrastructure. This approach enables you to address various customer challenges across different sectors and regions by utilizing a unified, secure cloud platform. You have the freedom to build fantastic websites and web applications using your preferred languages and frameworks. Complex architectures can be deployed in a matter of seconds. With all the necessary services at your disposal, innovation is accelerated. Consequently, the emphasis shifts from infrastructure management to effectively addressing customer needs and enhancing their experiences. This shift allows for greater creativity and responsiveness in the ever-evolving digital landscape.

Deep Learning Containers are specialized Docker images that come pre-loaded and validated with the latest versions of popular deep learning frameworks. These containers enable the swift establishment of customized machine learning environments, thus removing the necessity to build and refine environments from scratch. By leveraging these pre-configured and rigorously tested Docker images, users can set up deep learning environments in a matter of minutes. In addition, they allow for the seamless development of tailored machine learning workflows for various tasks such as training, validation, and deployment, integrating effortlessly with platforms like Amazon SageMaker, Amazon EKS, and Amazon ECS. This simplification of the process significantly boosts both productivity and efficiency for data scientists and developers, ultimately fostering a more innovative atmosphere in the field of machine learning. As a result, teams can focus more on research and development instead of getting bogged down by environment setup.

Amazon SageMaker Unified Studio is an all-in-one platform for AI and machine learning development, combining data discovery, processing, and model creation in one secure and collaborative environment. It integrates services like Amazon EMR, Amazon SageMaker, and Amazon Bedrock, allowing users to quickly access data, process it using SQL or ETL tools, and build machine learning models. SageMaker Unified Studio also simplifies the creation of generative AI applications, with customizable AI models and rapid deployment capabilities. Designed for both technical and business teams, it helps organizations streamline workflows, enhance collaboration, and speed up AI adoption.

Sagify simplifies the complexities of AWS Sagemaker, allowing you to concentrate entirely on Machine Learning initiatives. While Sagemaker functions as the foundational ML engine, Sagify offers an intuitive interface designed specifically for data scientists. By implementing just two functions—train and predict—you can seamlessly train, refine, and deploy multiple ML models efficiently. This straightforward method allows you to oversee all your ML models from a unified platform, removing the burden of tedious engineering tasks. Moreover, Sagify ensures that you no longer have to deal with unreliable ML pipelines, providing dependable training and deployment on AWS. Consequently, by focusing solely on these two functions, you can effortlessly manage a vast array of ML models without the usual complexity. This enhanced capability empowers you to innovate and iterate on your projects quicker than ever before.

Infrastructure as Code has progressed to facilitate the creation, deployment, and management of cloud infrastructure through the use of popular programming languages and tools. By offering a cohesive workflow across various cloud platforms, it enables users to apply the same language and tools regardless of the hosting environment. This promotes better collaboration between developers and operators, creating a more integrated engineering atmosphere. The process of continuous delivery is made straightforward, allowing for deployments directly from the command line or via integration with preferred CI/CD systems, while also enabling thorough reviews of changes before they go live. Enhanced visibility across environments simplifies the management of complexity, leading to more effective oversight. Security and audit trails are maintained by tracking modifications, including who made them, when they occurred, and the rationale behind each change, all while ensuring that deployment policies are enforced through the designated identity provider. Secrets management becomes more efficient with built-in encrypted configurations designed to safeguard sensitive information. You can define your infrastructure using a variety of well-known programming languages such as JavaScript, TypeScript, Python, Go, or any .NET language like C#, F#, and VB. This flexibility allows you to leverage your favorite development tools, IDEs, and testing frameworks to boost productivity. Additionally, the ability to codify and disseminate best practices and policies within your team promotes a culture of reuse and efficiency. Ultimately, this methodology not only enhances operational effectiveness but also empowers teams to perpetually innovate and adapt to new challenges. By embracing these practices, organizations can achieve a competitive advantage in a rapidly changing technological landscape.

Semaphore uniquely positions itself as the sole CI/CD platform that delivers comprehensive, out-of-the-box support tailored for monorepo projects. Thanks to the Visual Pipeline Builder, all team members can participate in the CI/CD workflow effortlessly, removing the necessity for undocumented, manual build setups. Bid farewell to ambiguity and embrace a reliable continuous delivery experience! As the quickest CI/CD service on the market, Semaphore allows you to propel your projects forward with confidence, providing flexible pricing options without any concealed user charges. Enjoy a streamlined process free from the distractions of superfluous tools. With expertly designed environments customized for each technology stack, Semaphore equips teams to effectively build, test, and deploy their applications. Rather than leaving you to tackle the intricacies of CI/CD on your own, we are committed to providing steadfast support throughout your entire journey, reinforced by a track record of success. Our commitment ensures that you can trust in our abilities at every step, fostering a partnership that prioritizes your project's success. As you navigate your development path, rest assured that Semaphore stands beside you, ready to assist and elevate your team's capabilities.

We build confidence and uphold integrity across the entire software development life cycle by providing thorough, cryptographically verifiable tracking and provenance for all artifacts, actions, and dependencies, efficiently and at scale. Our system utilizes the open-source immudb to deliver a rapid, immutable storage solution. It integrates smoothly with existing programming languages and CI/CD workflows. With Codenotary Cloud, every organization, developer, automation engineer, and DevOps professional can safeguard all stages of their CI/CD pipeline. Employing Codenotary Cloud® enables you to create immutable, tamper-resistant solutions that meet auditor criteria and adhere to relevant regulations and legal standards. The Codenotary Trustcenter empowers any organization, developer, automation engineer, or DevOps specialist to bolster the security of their CI/CD pipeline phases. Additionally, the attestation process—comprising notarization and validation of each step in the pipeline, alongside results from vulnerability assessments—is managed through a tamper-proof and immutable service, ensuring compliance with Levels 3 and 4 of the Supply-chain Levels for Software Artifacts (SLSA). This comprehensive framework not only fortifies security but also fosters accountability and transparency throughout the software development lifecycle. Moreover, it provides peace of mind to stakeholders by ensuring that all software components are trustworthy and can be traced back to their origins.

IBM DevOps Accelerate improves and simplifies the software delivery process across diverse environments such as on-premises, cloud, and mainframe applications. This innovative software automates the building, deployment, and release processes for both monolithic and microservices applications, regardless of whether they are run on the cloud, on-premises, or within a data center. With DevOps Accelerate, users gain access to a centralized control point that streamlines the management of microservices workloads through the development, testing, and production phases, supporting various cloud environments including traditional cloud providers, containers, and virtual machines. By reducing the risk of human error, organizations can confidently launch their software products with greater reliability. The platform provides extensive pipeline management, improved visibility, and strong automation features. Moreover, it consolidates release toolchains into streamlined pipelines, enhancing coordination during delivery. To further optimize application delivery efficiency, users receive valuable insights into their DevOps Accelerate delivery pipeline, empowering them to make informed decisions. Furthermore, by eliminating the reliance on custom scripts, organizations can establish a deployment process that is not only simpler to design but also more secure, ultimately contributing to a more effective software development lifecycle. Such capabilities position IBM DevOps Accelerate as a critical asset for companies seeking to enhance their software delivery strategies.

Concourse is an open-source platform tailored for continuous automation, which simplifies workflows through its key components: resources, tasks, and jobs, rendering it particularly effective for CI/CD scenarios. The pipeline operates akin to a distributed, ongoing Makefile, where each job delineates a build plan that details the required input resources and the actions to undertake when those resources change. Users can utilize the web UI to visually navigate their pipeline, effortlessly moving from a job's failure point to diagnosing the root causes with just a single click. This visual feedback loop serves as an important "gut check," indicating that any anomalies should be scrutinized. Moreover, jobs can be interconnected through dependency configurations, forming a dynamic graph of jobs and resources that continuously propels your project from the initial codebase to its deployment stage. Configuration and management tasks are executed via the fly CLI, with the fly set-pipeline command facilitating the upload of configuration to Concourse. After verifying that the setup is correct, developers can commit the configuration to their source control repository, ensuring that the automation evolves in tandem with the needs of the project. This adaptability and clarity not only enhance the development process but also make Concourse an indispensable tool for software teams aiming to optimize their continuous integration and delivery pipelines. With its robust features, Concourse empowers developers to maintain a high level of efficiency and responsiveness in their workflows.