Top Castellan Software Suite Alternatives

HSI Donesafe revolutionizes environmental, health, and safety (EHS) management through a no-code, cloud-based solution that simplifies intricate processes into efficient and intuitive workflows. Widely embraced by various sectors, Donesafe integrates tracking, management, and reporting in a single, user-friendly platform, enhancing compliance efforts and improving safety outcomes. The platform's flexible structure enables teams to tailor workflows, forms, and dashboards according to their changing compliance requirements. By providing essential tools for incident reporting, audits, training, and risk assessments, it ensures organizations can swiftly adapt to regulatory shifts. Highlighted Features: - Tailor-made workflows that comply with regulations - Instant insights for real-time safety monitoring - Scalable framework that evolves alongside your organization - Efficient compliance tools for hassle-free audits and reporting Empower your EHS team to reach new heights of safety excellence with HSI Donesafe, and experience a transformation in how safety management is approached. With Donesafe, achieving compliance and safety goals becomes not only feasible but also straightforward.

Discover the GRC software you've been searching for: Onspring. This adaptable, no-code, cloud-based platform has been recognized as the top choice for GRC delivery for five consecutive years. Effortlessly manage and disseminate information for informed decision-making regarding risks, keep track of risk assessments and remediation outcomes in real-time, and generate detailed reports with essential key performance indicators at the click of a button. Whether you're transitioning from a different platform or are new to GRC software, Onspring provides the technology, clarity, and customer-focused support necessary to help you achieve your objectives swiftly. With our ready-to-use solutions, you can get started in as little as 30 days. From SOC and SOX to NIST, ISO, CMMC, NERC, HIPAA, PCI, GDPR, and CCPA—whatever the regulation, framework, or standard, Onspring allows you to capture, test, and report on controls, as well as initiate remediation for identified risks. Users appreciate Onspring’s no-code platform, which empowers them to make adjustments instantly and create new workflows or reports independently in just minutes, without relying on IT or developers. When speed, adaptability, and efficiency are paramount, Onspring stands out as the top software solution available today, tailored to meet the diverse needs of its users.

More than 1,000 organizations globally rely on Resolver’s software for security, risk management, and compliance. This includes a diverse range of sectors such as healthcare, educational institutions, and vital infrastructure entities like airports, utility companies, manufacturers, hospitality businesses, technology firms, financial services, and retail outlets. For those in leadership roles focused on security and risk management seeking innovative methods to handle incidents and mitigate risks, Resolver offers a pathway to transition from merely addressing incidents to gaining valuable insights. With its comprehensive solutions, Resolver empowers organizations to enhance their overall risk management strategies effectively.

Riskonnect Active Risk Manager is an enterprise-grade risk management platform that delivers a unified view of risks across projects, programs, and enterprise portfolios, enhancing organizational decision-making and operational resilience. It enables users to visualize upstream and downstream risk impacts and identify relationships between individual risks to manage cumulative exposure effectively. The software aggregates data from diverse sources to identify trends, spot growing threats, and support strategic risk mitigation initiatives. It provides comprehensive analytical tools such as bowtie cause-and-effect analysis, heat maps, risk registers, job safety analysis, and schedule and cost impact assessments. Active Risk Manager promotes collaboration by allowing users to share relevant risk information securely and align mitigation activities with project objectives. The platform optimizes resource allocation for contingencies, leveraging predictive analytics to ensure funds are used efficiently without excess. It supports automation of the risk lifecycle, streamlining administrative tasks, and allowing easy configuration changes for quick go-live. API integrations enable seamless connectivity with other business systems like data warehouses and visualization tools, enhancing the overall risk management ecosystem. Designed to meet rigorous industry standards including ISO 31000, COSO, PMBOK, and others, it supports both cloud and on-premises deployments tailored to customer requirements. This flexible, scalable solution empowers organizations to improve risk awareness, reduce disruptions, and achieve successful project delivery on time and on budget.

GRC is embedded in our core: Our distinctive capability to connect risk with business goals through a unified platform enables your organization to consistently meet its objectives, manage uncertainties, and uphold ethical standards. To effectively manage GRC, robust software features are essential for sharing insights and data throughout your governance, risk, and compliance framework, thereby enhancing agility and informed decision-making. Recognizing that each organization faces unique challenges, operates at different maturity levels, and has varied goals, we provide tailored solutions for those grappling with spreadsheets as well as for enterprises and everything in between. Our extensive experience, combined with our adaptable, cloud-based solutions, empowers you to address your current challenges while also allowing for growth and scalability as your needs evolve. This ensures that your organization can stay ahead in an ever-changing landscape, fostering resilience and long-term success.

The Fusion Framework System software by Fusion Risk Management provides insights into your business operations, enabling you to comprehend its functioning and identify areas for improvement. With our platform, you can effortlessly and interactively examine all elements of your organization, facilitating the identification of significant risks and potential failure points. The adaptable nature of Fusion's integrated platform capabilities promotes enhanced resilience and efficiency, tailored specifically to your unique requirements. We are committed to supporting you at every stage of your journey toward more robust operations. You can effectively map the delivery of products and services that are vital to your business. Furthermore, our objective risk insights empower you to audit and analyze your operations, fostering continuous improvement. With the ability to plan, organize, and measure resilience and risk management activities confidently, organizations can thrive even in challenging circumstances. Additionally, by utilizing automation, businesses can minimize tedious manual tasks, allowing their teams to concentrate on more strategic, high-value initiatives.

In collaborating with firms in regulated sectors, we have discovered that many find the execution of GRC (Governance, Risk, and Compliance) tasks to be not only labor-intensive but also ineffective. To address this challenge, we developed AdaptiveGRC, a holistic solution specifically designed to seamlessly integrate governance, risk, and compliance processes. The key differentiator between achieving success and facing setbacks lies in your capacity to swiftly and efficiently gauge, oversee, and manage your GRC activities. This innovative tool minimizes manual labor, allowing you to concentrate on what truly matters for your organization. AdaptiveGRC encompasses various modules, including: a. Internal Audit, which enhances your audit planning, execution, and outcome assessment. b. Risk Management, which facilitates risk oversight in line with established guidelines, enables you to define and monitor treatment strategies, and provides visual insights into risks. c. A Compliance Module that simplifies and hastens the management of multiple regulatory requirements without redundant efforts, and much more. Whether you opt for an individual module or the entire suite of solutions, your organization stands to gain significant operational efficiencies and immediate access to management reports. If you find yourself overwhelmed by spreadsheets and lacking in automation, we invite you to schedule a consultation with our specialists so we can tackle these challenges together and optimize your GRC processes.

Parapet offers a comprehensive platform designed for overseeing your organization's safety, compliance, audits, and health. By using Parapet, you can foster a culture centered around risk awareness and ensure readiness for potential challenges. Furthermore, Parapet enables businesses to embrace innovative technologies that enhance both their decision-making processes and overall performance. This holistic approach not only safeguards your enterprise but also empowers it to thrive in an ever-changing environment.

For businesses aiming to safeguard their SaaS data in critical applications, SpinOne serves as a comprehensive security platform that enables IT security teams to streamline various point solutions, enhance efficiency through automated data protection, minimize operational downtime, and address the dangers posed by shadow IT, data breaches, and ransomware attacks. SpinOne's unique all-in-one approach delivers a multifaceted defense system designed to secure SaaS data, incorporating essential features like SaaS security posture management (SSPM), data leak and loss prevention (DLP), and ransomware detection and response capabilities. By leveraging these integrated solutions, organizations can effectively manage risks, optimize their time, decrease downtime, and strengthen regulatory compliance, ultimately fostering a more secure digital environment. This holistic security strategy not only protects critical data but also empowers enterprises to focus on their core operations without the constant worry of cyber threats.

ClearView is a software-as-a-service solution that assists organizations in overseeing their Business Continuity Management (BCM) processes, encompassing areas such as risk management, business impact analysis (BIA), plan development, testing and exercises, compliance, and overall risk management. Additionally, ClearView facilitates emergency communications and incident management, ensuring that businesses are prepared for various challenges. As a member of the Castellan family, ClearView contributes to a broader suite of business continuity solutions designed to enhance organizational resilience. By integrating these functionalities, ClearView aims to provide a comprehensive approach to managing potential disruptions and safeguarding business operations.

The Integrated Business Management System (IBMS) by ContinuSys was meticulously crafted to deliver unparalleled and cost-efficient business integration solutions. This system enhances organizational resilience by addressing operational shortcomings while providing a multitude of additional advantages for businesses. ContinuSys encompasses a suite of web and mobile applications that consolidate all data within a single, easily accessible virtual server, securely hosted on Amazon Web Services (AWS) and isolated from other clients. The system is grounded in the philosophy of ensuring continuous business functionality. The primary objective of this platform is to enable companies to run their operations seamlessly and effectively, reducing the likelihood of interruptions that could potentially disrupt their workflow. Moreover, it serves as an essential resource for sustaining business activities, expediting disaster recovery processes, and mitigating both immediate and long-term risks, ultimately enhancing overall business continuity.

Recognize the hazards and capitalize on the possibilities. In contrast to those who shy away from risk, we welcome it wholeheartedly. For more than two decades, Protecht has revolutionized perceptions of risk management. Our mission is to empower organizations to enhance performance and reach their strategic goals by providing the tools needed to thoroughly comprehend, track, and control risk. The Protecht ERM platform is a comprehensive, integrated no-code SaaS solution that equips you with everything necessary to effectively manage all facets of enterprise risk management and governance, risk, and compliance (GRC). This encompasses risk assessments, key risk indicators (KRIs), key performance indicators (KPIs), compliance monitoring, incident management, vendor and cyber/IT risk, operational resilience, business continuity planning, internal audits, and a wide array of additional features. We support you throughout your entire risk journey. Together, we can reshape your understanding of risk appetite and refine your risk portfolio, ultimately unlocking new avenues for organizational growth. Established in 1999, Protecht stands as a premier provider of innovative, comprehensive, and cost-efficient enterprise risk management software, along with training and advisory services, boasting headquarters in Sydney and additional offices in London and Los Angeles. Our commitment to your success drives us to continuously enhance our offerings.

AssuranceCM is a cloud-based software designed to enhance business continuity, empowering teams dedicated to resilience to gather, collaborate, and effectively communicate regarding crisis management, incident response, preparedness drills, planning, reporting, and risk evaluation. Additionally, AssuranceCM is integrated into the suite of business continuity solutions offered by Castellan. This software not only streamlines communication but also enhances overall operational resilience during unforeseen events.

Empower your workforce to increase productivity while effectively reducing overall risk expenditures through a tailored Risk Management Information System (RMIS) that delivers crucial insights and outcomes. By adopting proactive risk management strategies, you enable your team to address risks more efficiently within a centralized, interconnected, scalable, and data-informed technological framework that produces quantifiable results. Aclaimant’s unified platform strengthens the connection between your risk management team and real-time incidents on-site, leading to a notable decrease in accident rates, claims processing times, and case durations. Enhancing prevention methods and mitigation strategies allows for a reduction in claim costs, ultimately improving your organization's insurability. Additionally, harnessing cutting-edge mobile technology and automation helps engage and leverage outstanding risk and safety experts more effectively. Aclaimant not only keeps your team focused but also elevates employee morale, attractiveness, and retention rates. Furthermore, you can explore a range of case studies and resources that provide deeper understanding on how to successfully integrate the Aclaimant platform for the advantage of your organization and its personnel. This holistic approach guarantees that your risk management efforts are both effective and responsive to the changing demands of your team, ensuring ongoing improvement and adaptation. By investing in such a system, you foster a culture of safety and accountability that benefits everyone involved.

Reduce potential losses and minimize the likelihood of risk events by establishing proactive risk visibility. Create a modern and unified risk management approach that utilizes real-time, integrated risk data to evaluate their impact on business objectives and investment decisions. Protect your brand's reputation, lower compliance expenses, and build trust with regulators and board members alike. Stay updated on evolving regulatory requirements through diligent management of compliance risks, policies, case reviews, and control evaluations. Encourage risk-aware decision-making to improve overall business performance by aligning audits with strategic objectives, organizational goals, and related risks. Provide timely insights into possible risks while fostering collaboration across various departments. Mitigate exposure to third-party risks and enhance procurement options. Prevent incidents associated with third-party risks through ongoing monitoring of compliance and performance metrics. Simplify and streamline the entire process of third-party risk management, ensuring that all stakeholders remain informed and engaged at every stage of the process. Moreover, integrating a feedback loop can further enhance risk assessment practices by incorporating lessons learned into future strategies.

C1Risk is a leading technology firm specializing in a cloud-based platform that focuses on AI-driven enterprise risk and compliance management. Our mission is to simplify the intricate world of risk management, enabling organizations to foster and sustain the confidence of their stakeholders. C1Risk establishes a benchmark for risk-centric companies, offering a comprehensive array of solutions at a single, competitive price. Our platform includes a robust GRC Regulations and Standards Library, Policy Management, Compliance Automation, and Enterprise Asset Management. Additionally, it features a Risk Register and Risk Management tool, along with auto-calculated inherent and residual risk scoring. Other key components include Issue Management, Incident Management, Internal Audit, Vulnerability Management, Vendor Onboarding and Security Review, and Vendor Risk Scorecards. We also provide REST API Integrations to enhance connectivity and functionality. C1Risk is committed to delivering an effective and user-friendly experience for all clients.

Whitehats is swiftly progressing into the digital realm, focusing on creating a secure landscape for safe business transactions. As ethical hackers, we utilize advanced hacking techniques to safeguard your interests and ensure your protection. While you concentrate on managing your business, we handle all your security requirements. By collaborating with us, you can fully embrace the path towards improved digital security, complete with innovative tools for discovering card data. Small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) and micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are vital to India's economy, significantly contributing to its progress and generating employment opportunities for millions, especially in rural and semi-urban regions. Nonetheless, during this digital transformation period, these enterprises encounter considerable obstacles in onboarding due to their limited resources. As security emerges as a key concern in their digital evolution, it becomes essential for them to seek trustworthy partners that comprehend their specific challenges and unique demands, ensuring they can thrive in an increasingly complex digital landscape. Addressing these concerns effectively can empower these businesses to harness technology confidently.

isorobot is a cutting-edge software platform for managing business operations, seamlessly connecting individuals, processes, technology, resources, and finances to achieve your company's strategic goals. By utilizing our expertise, we help you design efficient and scalable systems customized to fit your business's needs. Focusing on sustainable excellence, this performance management software prioritizes key principles such as innovation, quality, efficiency, and sustainability. The solutions are categorized by essential business domains and levels of organizational maturity, creating a robust basis for expansion and scalability. Additionally, an enterprise version is available for well-established companies aiming to grow from the outset. Central to the isorobot framework is the integration of people, processes, technology, resources, and capital, resulting in a holistic model suitable for any organization. This adaptable framework encourages effective information exchange across diverse sectors, cultures, and developmental stages, enhancing collaboration and fostering growth. By emphasizing these core components, isorobot equips organizations to tackle their distinct challenges and capitalize on emerging opportunities, ultimately driving long-term success.

We proudly present a Risk & Compliance software solution that balances user-friendliness with affordability. This innovative platform promotes ongoing compliance through a SaaS model that reduces interruptions to your staff. RiskRhino, in collaboration with its partners, delivers tailored assistance and templates aligned with industry best practices. Our user-centric SaaS Risk & Compliance platform is specifically crafted to ensure enduring compliance. At RiskRhino, we have developed a pragmatic risk management approach that caters to both large multinational entities and small to medium-sized businesses alike. Our platform addresses a wide range of risks across diverse industries, such as manufacturing, healthcare, finance, and government sectors. With a rich history spanning over 25 years and a broad global client base, we have transformed risk management to better align with your requirements. Our SaaS Risk & Compliance platform streamlines compliance procedures remarkably. Furthermore, our Business Continuity Management (BCM) application includes a mobile app, enabling your response teams to remain informed about incidents and act quickly in accordance with their established plans. This suite of tools significantly bolsters your organization’s capacity to handle any scenario effectively and efficiently. By integrating these resources, we empower businesses to navigate complexities with confidence.

sam®, the EHS Base System, is an exceptional online software tool from secova designed for dynamic knowledge management. Recognized as one of the leading EHS software solutions available, sam® enables users to efficiently structure, record, and enhance their operational training and instructional course systems. With a user base exceeding 2.6 million and over 1,000 satisfied clients, it has proven to be an invaluable resource for organizations seeking to optimize their EHS processes. This software not only simplifies management tasks but also contributes to a safer and more compliant workplace environment.

The vendor showcases A1 Tracker as a comprehensive and customizable risk management solution that can function independently or integrate seamlessly with various business divisions within a company. In the realm of Risk Management & Threat Assessment, it provides a detailed register of risks designed to monitor potential threats at every organizational level, encompassing entities, projects, assets, contracts, vendors, divisions, and regions, all accompanied by real-time risk reports, heat maps, dashboard metrics, and timely alerts and notifications. For Contract Management, the system features a dedicated module that enables users to oversee all varieties of contracts related to customers, vendors, and employees efficiently. In terms of Claims & Incident Management, it facilitates the reporting of claims and incidents across numerous categories, including injury, medical, customer service, insurance, asset, liability, and workers' compensation. Moreover, the platform offers robust capabilities for managing Certificates & Policies in Insurance, ensuring that users can track policies and certificates while receiving timely reminders for renewals, and for agencies and carriers, it includes effective client management tools. Overall, A1 Tracker stands out as a versatile tool that addresses various aspects of risk and contract management, making it an essential asset for organizations seeking to enhance their operational efficiency and risk mitigation strategies.

There are four distinct standalone offerings: Business Continuity Management & Planning, Privacy, Risk & Compliance Management, Third Party Risk Management, and Health & Safety Management. Acquiring risk data can be challenging due to the variety of sources such as spreadsheets, emails, and printed reports from multiple departments. Stakeholders like customers and regulators may request audits at any time, which can disrupt other ongoing tasks. As organizations evolve into more dynamic and intricate structures, the involvement of third parties is likely to increase, necessitating regular evaluations. Implementing a risk-focused business continuity strategy is essential for minimizing disruptions and ensuring the restoration and continuity of operations. Furthermore, you have the ability to tailor your compliance and risk management approach to address various local regulations and requirements, no matter where your business operates. This adaptability not only enhances operational resilience but also builds trust with stakeholders by demonstrating a commitment to comprehensive risk management practices.

The Global Incident Management Solution enhances safety protocols and bolsters resilience across diverse settings. This strategy simplifies the implementation of safety measures and enables organizations to function securely on a worldwide level, relying on reliable technology. By proficiently tracking team members and overseeing their travels, businesses can effectively mitigate risks, communicate vital information promptly, and allow employees to swiftly issue emergency notifications. With the advantage of real-time global visibility, users can effortlessly monitor all incidents and personnel through a centralized cloud-based interface. The accuracy of the information provided facilitates quick decision-making, regardless of the time or place of the incident. Additionally, the system guarantees rapid responses to critical situations, prioritizing the safety of personnel with a thoughtful approach to unexpected events. This functionality is crucial for meeting duty of care responsibilities and ensuring ongoing business operations, equipping organizations with the necessary resources to initiate appropriate responses and communicate effectively with all relevant stakeholders. In an increasingly fast-paced environment, having such an extensive solution is not merely beneficial; it has become essential for upholding operational integrity and ensuring long-term success in any organization. An effective incident management strategy can truly be a game changer in today's complex landscape.

Oversee risk and compliance across the entire organization in response to the challenges posed by shifting global regulations, such as those related to privacy and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues, as well as threats from human mistakes, cyberattacks, and digital transformation. By integrating risk management and compliance into everyday tasks and user interfaces, you can foster a shared understanding that enhances decision-making based on risk, lowers expenses, provides immediate insights into potential risks, and facilitates effective communication with stakeholders throughout the organization. This holistic approach not only ensures adherence to regulations but also strengthens the overall resilience of the organization in a rapidly changing landscape.

We enhance global safety, promote sustainability, and boost productivity. Our software harnesses data from various sources to assist businesses in making informed strategic decisions aimed at reducing risk. This approach is referred to as Integrated Risk Management 4.0 (IRM 4.0). Our track record of success stems from the fact that we have consistently avoided encountering these challenges. Sphera's solutions for Environment, Health, Safety & Sustainability offer comprehensive risk management on a unified platform that can be tailored to fulfill both daily operational and long-term strategic EHS&S objectives. Furthermore, Sphera's Operational Risk Management Solutions empower organizations to establish a cohesive strategy that fosters Operational Excellence across the entire enterprise. In addition, our Product Stewardship Solutions blend top-tier resources and extensive content, enabling compliance while streamlining and automating all facets of a product’s lifecycle, ultimately leading to improved efficiency and effectiveness. By leveraging these innovative solutions, businesses are better equipped to navigate the complexities of risk management in today's dynamic environment.

GRC software enables organizations to seamlessly integrate governance, risk, and compliance to safeguard against various potential threats. By utilizing automated, digital risk management solutions, companies can significantly bolster their security measures. BIC GRC solutions are designed to help you fulfill your Governance, Risk, and Compliance Management goals without the burden of traditional methods. Say goodbye to the chaos of endless Excel spreadsheets and email threads, and streamline your processes with a digital GRC system. Adopting automated software simplifies the complexities of managing GRC. Effective corporate management hinges on the proactive identification and handling of risks. While the interconnected domains of governance, compliance, and risk (collectively known as GRC) are crucial for recognizing, evaluating, and mitigating risks, they often operate in silos within organizations. Achieving a cohesive approach to risk management is essential, as transparency and the elimination of redundancies are vital in avoiding corporate risks. Ultimately, fostering collaboration among these areas can lead to more robust risk management practices.

The NAVEX One Governance, Risk, and Compliance Information System (GRC-IS) offers a comprehensive approach to effectively handle various risks associated with business operations, including those arising from employee behavior, evolving regulations, and international happenings. Our cloud-based platform streamlines risk management and compliance tasks, facilitating processes such as the onboarding of new hires through ethics training and policy acknowledgments, as well as the screening and continuous monitoring of third-party vendors. Additionally, we enhance business efficiency by automating workflows and integrating risk identification into everyday operations. Moreover, our system empowers organizations to extract valuable insights from their data, ultimately leading to more informed decision-making and strategic planning. By utilizing NAVEX One, businesses can navigate the complexities of risk management with greater confidence and precision.

An all-encompassing Data Governance platform delivers valuable insights that help in making informed decisions related to data reduction, compliance with regulations, and the shift to cloud services. Classify360 empowers businesses to oversee their redundant, obsolete, and trivial (ROT) data, as well as personally identifiable information (PII) and data associated with risks, by applying policies that ensure adherence to regulations and promote data minimization, which leads to a reduced data footprint and smoother transitions to cloud environments. Discover a unified index that presents a comprehensive overview of your organization’s data, sourced from a variety of growing datasets. By identifying data at its origin, organizations can decrease the costs, complexities, and risks linked to managing multiple copies of data. Additionally, this solution allows for the detection of data at a petabyte scale across both on-premises and cloud data storage, guaranteeing effective resource management and utilization. This functionality not only strengthens data governance but also fosters a more robust overall data strategy, ultimately driving better decision-making and operational efficiency. As businesses continue to navigate the complexities of data management, leveraging such a platform becomes increasingly essential for maintaining competitive advantage.

The ZEBSOFT GRC & ISO management platform offers a comprehensive solution for effectively overseeing Governance, Risk, and Compliance. With its user-friendly web interface, ZEBSOFT simplifies the management of various ISO standards, including 9001, 14001, 22301, 27001, and 45001, among others. The platform boasts robust integrated modules that cover Risk, Quality, Environmental issues, Information Security, Compliance, policy templates, document management, and equipment and asset maintenance, including calibration and testing schedules. Enhance your organization’s internal communication, designate responsibilities, and efficiently plan and execute audits. Discover the full capabilities of ZEBSOFT by scheduling a demo today and see how it can transform your compliance processes!

RemoteComply System is an intuitive, cloud-based software designed to organize and oversee all crucial documentation and information necessary for effective Operational Risk Management within a company. It offers built-in reporting features to assist users. This software comprises six interrelated products, forming a robust toolkit. RemoteVendor operates as a vendor management system, assessing vendors in line with FFIEC regulations and due diligence standards. RemotePlan serves as a business continuity planning resource, gathering essential company data to produce a comprehensive business impact analysis (BIA). RemoteNotify is an alert mechanism that can send immediate or scheduled mass notifications via email, text, and audio formats. RemotePolicy is a specialized document management solution intended to manage all facets of policy and procedure oversight, ensuring proper storage, tracking, distribution, and approval of documents. Finally, RemoteProfile delivers a risk management framework aimed at recognizing and addressing risks tied to an organization’s assets, thereby promoting a well-rounded strategy for risk reduction. In essence, RemoteComply System offers a complete package that supports businesses in navigating the complexities of operational risk management.