List of the Top 25 Markdown Editors for Mac in 2025

VSCode represents a groundbreaking shift in the realm of code editing, being entirely free, open-source, and available across multiple operating systems. Beyond basic syntax highlighting and autocomplete features, it incorporates IntelliSense, which offers smart suggestions tailored to the types of variables, function definitions, and imported modules you are using. The editor also allows you to debug your code seamlessly, enabling you to either launch or connect to your running applications while utilizing breakpoints, call stacks, and an interactive console for a more thorough analysis. Integrating with Git and other source control management (SCM) systems has never been easier; you can inspect differences, stage files, and commit changes directly from the editor interface. Effortlessly pushing and pulling changes from any hosted SCM service adds to the convenience. If you're seeking more features, you can enhance your VSCode experience with extensions that bring in new programming languages, themes, debuggers, and connections to a wide array of services. These extensions function in separate processes, ensuring that they do not compromise the performance of your editor. The potential for customization through extensions is virtually limitless. Additionally, with the support of Microsoft Azure, you can effectively deploy and host diverse websites developed using frameworks like React, Angular, Vue, and Node, while having the capability to manage both relational and document-based data seamlessly, enabling effortless scalability through serverless computing options. This robust integration not only optimizes your development workflow but also significantly boosts your overall productivity, making VSCode an indispensable tool for developers.

Atom is a contemporary text editor designed for the digital age, built on the Electron framework and influenced by the features we love in our favorite editing applications. It prioritizes extensive customization while keeping its default configuration user-friendly. As an essential part of a developer's toolkit, a text editor works in tandem with other tools rather than operating independently. With the built-in GitHub package, managing your Git and GitHub workflows is effortless within Atom—allowing you to create branches, stage and commit changes, push and pull updates, resolve merge conflicts, and review pull requests, all from inside the editor. This package is pre-installed, so you can dive right in! Atom supports a range of operating systems, such as OS X, Windows, and Linux, promoting broad accessibility. You can quickly search for and install new packages or create your own directly from the editor, enhancing its versatility. Moreover, Atom boosts your coding productivity with an intelligent autocomplete feature and allows you to browse and open individual files, entire projects, or multiple projects in one window, making it a multifaceted choice for developers. With its user-centric design, Atom aims to streamline the coding process, catering to both beginners and seasoned developers, ultimately fostering a more efficient coding environment. This adaptability ensures that no matter your skill level, you can find the tools and features that best suit your workflow.

Obsidian acts as a powerful knowledge management solution that utilizes a collection of plain text Markdown files stored on your local device. Just as our thoughts transition from one idea to another, your second brain should reflect this organic, non-linear flow. The ability to create and explore "connections" between notes in Obsidian is both effortless and user-friendly. Take the time to nurture your notes, and at the close of each day, reflect on the complex web of insights you've woven together. Customization is essential in the note-taking process, and if you've tried different applications yet always felt something was lacking, Obsidian presents a revitalizing option. With its highly adaptable design, it offers 22 core plugins and an impressive 149 community-developed plugins, making it easy to personalize your setup and get started in mere minutes. Moreover, when Obsidian reaches its version 1.0 milestone, users will have the opportunity to incorporate third-party plugins or even develop their own, unleashing a world of possibilities. In a time when cloud services can be unpredictable and prone to abrupt changes, the last thing you want is to be dependent on proprietary formats that risk data lock-in. Obsidian ensures that your information is safely housed within a local folder, granting you both peace of mind and absolute control over your data. This commitment to local storage guarantees that your knowledge will always be accessible and protected, regardless of what challenges the future may present. By embracing this tool, you're not just organizing information; you're empowering yourself to engage deeply with your own thoughts and ideas.

BlueGriffon® is a sophisticated Web and EPUB editor that harnesses the rendering engine first created for Firefox. It has a distinguished history with noteworthy predecessors such as Netscape®, Mozilla® Composer, and Nvu, making it a prominent choice in the industry. Utilizing the Gecko engine that powers Firefox®, BlueGriffon® offers an impressive suite of features tailored for both beginners and seasoned professionals. With millions of users spanning various fields, including educational institutions, government agencies, and even the European Parliament, it has established a vast and diverse user community. The French Government officially endorses this editor, recommending it as the preferred Web Authoring Tool for its administration, which emphasizes the significance of supporting Free Software initiatives. The widespread use and acclaim that BlueGriffon® has achieved further demonstrate its capability and trustworthiness in the realm of web development, making it a valuable asset for anyone in the field.

This premium HTML and text editing software tailored for Mac users provides sophisticated features that enhance text editing, searching, and manipulation processes. Renowned for its outstanding efficiency and intuitive design, this editor has become a preferred choice for many professionals in the field. Its seamless functionality allows users to streamline their workflows effortlessly.

adoc Studio is a comprehensive integrated development environment (IDE) designed for Mac and iPad users, enabling the creation of technical documentation in AsciiDoc through a user-friendly markup language. This software streamlines the process of writing, organizing, and sharing various texts with ease. - Effortlessly manage text, media, and other elements of technical documents within a clear and intuitive structure. - Construct intricate documents by breaking them down into manageable chapters. - Navigate through even the most complex documentation seamlessly. - Utilize the left-side editor for writing while obtaining instant previews in HTML or PDF formats. Enhance your documents by incorporating images, tables, and references. - Implement our conditionals feature to selectively display or hide sections of text tailored for different audiences. You can also export your project in various formats, including HTML and PDF, while applying CSS styles for customization. - With customization and automation at your fingertips, collaborate effortlessly across Mac, iPad, and iPhone devices, as cloud synchronization guarantees that all team members stay informed and up to date with the latest changes. Furthermore, the platform's versatility allows for a productive workflow, catering to both individual and collaborative projects.

Write! is an advanced platform designed for creating notes, to-do lists, writing projects, and various other types of text. Its user-friendly design brings together all the key features of a conventional word processor while eliminating unnecessary clutter. The platform equips users with productivity-boosting tools such as customizable autocomplete, a sophisticated spellchecker, unlimited undo capabilities, and productivity tracking, all of which significantly enhance writing efficiency. The clean writing interface allows your ideas to flow smoothly as you create content. You'll have peace of mind knowing that your documents are secure and easily accessible, ensuring they will never be lost. The platform is accessible on any device, allowing you to seamlessly continue writing from wherever you left off. Additionally, Write! offers the capacity to store an unlimited number of documents without incurring any extra charges. Organizing your writing tasks is simplified through the use of tabs, sessions, and folders, which aid in navigating through various projects effortlessly. Switching between different writing sessions will instantly change the tab group you’re working on, facilitating quick shifts in focus. Moreover, you can publish your documents online with a unique URL, making sharing via email or social media a straightforward process. Any updates made to a shared document are promptly reflected online, guaranteeing that collaborators always have access to the latest version. This functionality not only boosts individual productivity but also encourages effective teamwork and collaboration among users. With Write!, you can elevate your writing experience while fostering connections with others.

Joplin is a powerful, open-source tool tailored for note-taking and task management, designed to handle a large number of notes organized neatly within notebooks. Users can easily search, copy, tag, and modify their notes either within the application or through their favorite text editors, with all notes utilizing Markdown formatting. The application also facilitates the importation of Evernote notes via .enex files, ensuring that formatted content is maintained (which is then converted into Markdown), along with resources such as images and attachments, in addition to detailed metadata like geolocation and timestamps. Moreover, it allows for the import of standard Markdown files. Joplin enables synchronization with a variety of cloud storage options, including Nextcloud, Dropbox, OneDrive, and WebDAV, as well as local file systems like network directories. During this synchronization process, all notes, notebooks, tags, and related metadata are saved in plain text files, providing an easy way to inspect, back up, and transfer data. With accessibility across numerous platforms such as Windows, Linux, macOS, Android, and iOS, it caters to a wide range of users. Ultimately, the combination of its adaptability and rich features makes Joplin an exceptional choice for those in search of an effective and comprehensive note-taking application. Users will find that it not only meets their organizational needs but also enhances their productivity significantly.

Mark Text is an open-source initiative under the MIT license, ensuring users can always find the most recent version on its GitHub release page. The ongoing development of the project is significantly propelled by the support of various sponsors contributing to its growth. It incorporates features for GitHub Flavored Markdown table blocks, which allows users to effortlessly add or remove rows and columns as needed. Furthermore, the application supports the creation of flowcharts, sequence diagrams, Gantt charts, and Vega charts, enriching the user's ability to visualize data. Adhering to both CommonMark and GitHub Flavored Markdown standards, it provides a user-friendly experience with a real-time (WYSIWYG) preview and a clean interface that promotes a distraction-free writing atmosphere. In addition, it includes Markdown extensions for mathematical expressions using KaTeX, along with front matter and emoji support, making it versatile for various writing needs. Users can also improve their writing productivity through shortcuts for paragraphs and inline styles, alongside the convenience of directly pasting images from their clipboard into the document. Overall, Mark Text is designed to equip users with a robust array of tools aimed at enhancing markdown editing efficiency, ultimately fostering a more effective writing process. With an active community of contributors, the project continues to evolve, adapting to the needs of its users over time.

Vim is an adaptable and highly customizable text editor tailored for efficient text creation and editing. Often found as "vi" on many UNIX systems, it is also accessible on Apple OS X. Renowned for its reliability, Vim is consistently being improved to expand its features. The editor supports multi-level persistence, has a rich plugin ecosystem, and can handle a wide variety of programming languages and file formats, all while providing robust search and replace capabilities, thereby making it a valuable asset that can work well with numerous external applications. The Vim online community acts as a central hub where users can exchange helpful tips and tools related to Vim. Furthermore, Vim includes a scripting language that supports plugin development, which introduces IDE-like features, syntax highlighting, colorization, and various other advanced functionalities. Users can effortlessly upload and manage these scripts through the Vim online platform, ensuring a smooth user experience. Initially named Vi IMitation, the software has progressed so much that it was fitting to rebrand it as Vi IMproved. Essentially, Vim retains almost all the commands from the classic Unix program "Vi," while simultaneously providing a plethora of enhancements. This powerful editor caters to both beginners and seasoned users who are in search of a dependable text editing solution, proving its worth in diverse programming environments. With its ongoing updates and community support, Vim remains a top choice for text editing tasks across various platforms.

TextMate is an advanced and highly adaptable text editor that accommodates a wide variety of programming languages and is available under an open-source license. This editor enhances the user experience by allowing simultaneous modifications with the ease of adding multiple insertion points for rapid code updates. Users can define their search parameters, and TextMate quickly presents the results, facilitating swift navigation between matches, extraction of pertinent text, or reviewing intended changes. It includes a file browser that highlights modifications, an editor view that indicates altered lines, and the capability to create diffs for changes made to the current file, all while integrating smoothly with prominent version control systems. Whether managing files with diverse programming languages, handling projects with various build systems, or working with third-party code that employs different formatting styles, TextMate efficiently oversees it all by associating extensive scope selectors with keyboard shortcuts and tailored settings. This versatility ensures that developers can uphold their preferred workflows while effectively navigating intricate coding scenarios, making it an invaluable tool for programming professionals. Additionally, TextMate's continuous updates and community support contribute to its ongoing evolution, enhancing its capabilities and user experience further.

Kate is a powerful text editor that streamlines the management of text files, making the process of viewing and editing incredibly efficient. It supports the simultaneous handling of multiple files, featuring both tabbed and split viewing options, while also offering a variety of plugins, including an integrated terminal for running console commands, advanced search and replace functionality, and a preview option for visualizing content in formats like MD, HTML, and SVG. With syntax highlighting for over 300 programming languages, Kate significantly improves code readability, catering to a vast array of coding styles. The editor also excels in recognizing bracket structures, which helps users navigate complex code hierarchies with ease. Furthermore, it includes real-time spellchecking to ensure that your writing is refined before publication. The ability to open multiple files at once through split views, combined with a project sidebar for straightforward navigation of directory structures and intelligent tabs for quick access to recently opened files, enhances overall productivity. Ultimately, Kate serves as more than just a simple editor; it creates an integrated environment that is beneficial for both developers and writers, making the writing and coding process not only easier but also more enjoyable.

Bear is a sophisticated and versatile writing tool crafted for the creation of notes and prose. It functions effortlessly across iPhone, iPad, and Mac, enabling users to capture their ideas whenever inspiration strikes. With the ability to keep tasks organized through todos that sync across devices, users can maintain their productivity seamlessly. You can also link notes together to form a well-rounded collection of concepts. By using hashtags, you can efficiently categorize your thoughts for easier retrieval. The incorporation of Face/Touch ID provides an added layer of security for your private notes. Bear is suitable for various writing requirements, whether they be short reminders or lengthy essays. A specialized focus mode promotes heightened concentration, and advanced markup features enhance its utility for online writers. Additionally, the app allows for in-line images, which improves the richness of your writing experience. This adaptability and range of features make Bear an exceptional option for anyone seeking to refine their writing process further. Furthermore, the user-friendly interface ensures that both novice and experienced writers can navigate the app with ease.

Focus on honing your craft with iA Writer, which boasts an award-winning design that delivers a distinctive writing experience. With over half a million users worldwide, this minimalist interface is tailored to reduce distractions, allowing you to immerse yourself in your thoughts and let the words flow onto the page, free from rulers or complex formatting tools. iA Writer cultivates a tidy, organized environment that is crucial for productive writing, complemented by simple yet effective features such as content blocks and syntax highlighting. Emphasizing the significance of concentration, this philosophy is at the heart of iA Writer's design. Thanks to its intuitive shortcuts and user-friendly settings, you can keep your typing momentum while fully engaging with your text. Every writer should have access to their own personalized tools, which is why downloading iA Writer means it’s yours forever, without the need for subscriptions, hidden fees, or compatibility concerns. This model places the focus squarely on your work, your files, and your preferred writing environment. Ultimately, this philosophy empowers writers to dive deeply into their craft without the burden of unnecessary distractions, allowing for a more profound connection to their writing journey.

Organizing your Markdown notes has never been simpler. With more than 100 plugins to choose from, this tool ensures smooth cross-platform functionality and secure data synchronization. Enjoy a seamless personal note-taking experience that significantly boosts your productivity. When your notes are effortlessly organized, it becomes easier to concentrate and achieve exceptional outcomes. This application includes features like syntax highlighting for various programming languages, multi-cursor capability, line numbering, scrolling beyond the final line, and the option to view hidden characters, among other useful tools. Its intuitive, streamlined interface, along with a 'Distraction Free Mode,' helps keep you focused on your writing tasks. The flexibility of nestable notebooks, the ability to pin items to the top, tagging options, and a workspace overview enables personalized note organization. You can also track your progress through note statuses and task management directly within the note list, making it easier to stay on top of your responsibilities. Furthermore, sharing your notes is a breeze with a public link, and you can export your work in HTML, PDF, or Markdown formats. Whether you are online or offline, you can conveniently access and jot down your notes whenever necessary. This all-encompassing tool truly revolutionizes the way you approach note-taking, making it a vital resource for anyone seeking to improve their efficiency.

LightPaper is a user-friendly application tailored to enhance your writing and note-taking journey, equipped with a wide range of powerful features. It allows users to produce documents, articles, and blogs with functionalities such as markdown support, an extensive folder navigator, real-time previews, shadow notes, multi-tab browsing, customizable styles, a distraction-free mode, syntax highlighting, math rendering, and complete GFM compatibility, which includes GitHub tasks and Jekyll rendering. This adaptable application serves a diverse array of users, including professional writers, bloggers, developers, researchers, and students, ensuring that all writing requirements are met efficiently. With its dynamic folder navigator, managing documents becomes straightforward, as users can open multiple folders and navigate their files with ease. Accessing a document is as simple as double-clicking, and users can also create new documents or folders, as well as delete or rename items as necessary. The Quick Open feature significantly boosts your productivity by enabling rapid searches across all files, while the option to favorite specific files or folders guarantees that essential documents are always easily accessible. Moreover, the integration of these various features positions LightPaper as an indispensable resource for anyone seeking to refine their writing process and improve overall efficiency. Ultimately, using LightPaper can lead to a more organized and enjoyable writing experience.

Created with native macOS technology, this application aims to seamlessly integrate with the operating system. Its main priorities include providing a streamlined interface with outstanding performance, while also being robust, intuitive, and rich in features. It leverages GitHub Flavored Markdown (GFM) and supports an array of functionalities such as Tables, Table of Contents, LaTeX, fenced code blocks, task lists, and footnotes. Moreover, the application enhances Markdown graphics by incorporating tools like mermaid, viz, echarts, plantuml, sequence, and flow diagrams. Users have the ability to export their creations in multiple formats, such as Image, HTML, Epub, PDF, RTF, and Docx. Additionally, it facilitates publishing to various platforms including WordPress, Metaweblog API, WordPress.com, Evernote, Blogger, Medium, and Tumblr. The application includes screenshot support, along with convenient features like copy-pasting and drag-and-drop for image insertion that appear directly in the editor. Users can adjust image widths while still adhering to Markdown syntax, enhancing their control over document aesthetics. It features a robust document library that supports category trees and tag management, enabling users to organize their documents efficiently across multiple categories. Furthermore, users can export an entire category to Epub or PDF format and create static websites, significantly boosting the application's overall functionality and versatility. This cohesive approach guarantees that users enjoy a fluid and efficient experience while working on their documents, making it a valuable tool for productivity.

Textastic for Mac acts as the perfect desktop extension to the popular iOS code editor. Supporting more than 80 source code and markup languages, it brings the impressive syntax highlighting features from the iOS version to the Mac environment. Users can incorporate their own syntax definitions compatible with TextMate and Sublime Text, allowing for greater flexibility. The Mac version is built on the same foundation as its iOS counterpart, ensuring a uniform user experience across devices. It leverages native macOS APIs such as Core Text to boost performance and responsiveness. The application streamlines the development process with tools like code completion, navigation through a symbol list, and compatibility with modern Mac features such as Auto Save and Versions. Moreover, with iCloud Drive integration, transferring files between macOS and iOS is seamless and straightforward. This software not only accommodates a wide range of programming languages but also boasts features like iCloud auto-save and macOS Versions, making it an all-encompassing resource for developers. Additionally, it supports importing syntax definitions, themes, and templates from TextMate, significantly enhancing its customization capabilities, thus catering to the diverse needs of developers. Finally, Textastic encourages a smoother coding experience by combining powerful tools with user-friendly features.

Gain an in-depth understanding of your document's structure while focusing on the particular part you want to modify. FoldingText utilizes the trusted open-source CodeMirror editor, which contributes to greater reliability. It boasts sophisticated syntax highlighting that supports various formats, including Markdown, GitHub Markdown, CriticMarkup, and extensive sections of MultiMarkdown. Furthermore, the APIs have been enhanced to be more durable and easier to use, greatly facilitating the debugging process. As a result, these advancements lead to a more seamless and effective editing experience. Users will appreciate the intuitive interface that streamlines their workflow even further.

Pulsar is a community-driven text editor that offers extensive customization options for its users. It runs smoothly on multiple platforms, such as OS X, Windows, and Linux, ensuring accessibility for a wide range of users. Installing new packages or creating custom ones is a breeze, thanks to its user-friendly interface. The editor features an advanced autocomplete functionality that not only speeds up coding but also adapts to your coding habits. Users can navigate easily through projects, whether they want to work on a single file or manage multiple projects at once in one window. Furthermore, the ability to split the workspace into various panes allows for straightforward comparison and editing of code across different files. Pulsar also boasts a robust find-and-replace tool that updates text dynamically, greatly improving productivity during development. Designed for both novices and seasoned programmers alike, Pulsar is equipped with the essential tools to enhance and simplify the coding journey, making it a valuable asset in any developer's toolkit.

Archimedes is a Markdown and LaTeX editor designed specifically for Mac users, aimed at simplifying and enhancing the experience of mathematical writing. This editor supports both plain text and Markdown, equipped with features like syntax highlighting and convenient keyboard shortcuts that simplify tasks such as adding images or hyperlinks. With its robust Markdown capabilities, Archimedes ensures that the process of formatting and organizing documents is both elegant and straightforward. When using Math Mode, Archimedes enables users to compose mathematics with a subset of LaTeX, making it an approachable tool for those who need to use LaTeX. You can activate Math Mode by typing $$ to begin. The editor boasts over 700 intuitive commands, such as sqrta2+b2, which help create impressive outputs with ease. Moreover, Archimedes enhances the writing experience by autocompleting commands and intelligently pairing closing braces, parentheses, and brackets as you type, ensuring a smooth workflow for users.

The Ultimate Writing Application for Mac, iPad, and iPhone provides a streamlined and concentrated writing atmosphere that combines effective document management with rapid syncing and flexible export capabilities, positioning Ulysses as a favored choice among diverse writers. Many users highlight how Ulysses cultivates an engaging experience with their texts, which leads to noticeable increases in their writing output. While it functions as an all-encompassing writing solution, Ulysses skillfully keeps a low profile, enabling it to rival any distraction-free writing software available today. Its built-in library conveniently organizes all your written pieces and is crafted to support projects of any size or ambition. Whether you are writing heartfelt correspondence, noting down quick thoughts, creating blog posts, or embarking on your next literary endeavor, Ulysses guarantees that your writing is meticulously organized. This means you can focus your efforts solely on getting your thoughts onto the page. The application empowers you to write from virtually anywhere—whether you are nestled in your favorite chair, enjoying a lively café atmosphere, or waiting for public transportation—making it easy to seize inspiration whenever it strikes. By embracing the flexibility to write on your own terms, you can fully unleash your creativity, regardless of your location or circumstances. As a result, Ulysses truly transforms the writing experience into a liberating journey.

Typora delivers a seamless experience for its users, functioning effectively as both a writing and reading platform. By removing the need for a preview pane, mode switcher, or markdown syntax symbols, it minimizes unnecessary distractions. Instead, it offers a live preview feature that helps you concentrate entirely on your content. The software simplifies file management with an easily navigable file tree and an article list panel, allowing you to organize files according to your needs, including integration with services like Dropbox or iCloud. You can quickly view the outline of your documents in the outline panel, making it easy to navigate your work with just a click to any desired section. Moreover, Typora enables you to export your documents to PDF, complete with bookmarks for better organization. You can also boost your productivity by importing and exporting a variety of formats, such as docx, OpenOffice, LaTeX, MediaWiki, and Epub. Furthermore, it allows you to monitor your document's length in terms of words, characters, lines, or estimated reading time, providing essential insights into your writing process. With such robust features, Typora stands out as a versatile and potent tool for anyone engaged in writing or content creation, ensuring that users can focus on their craft with minimal interruptions. Ultimately, this functionality positions Typora as a valuable asset in the realm of digital writing tools.

Boost Note is a versatile and fast-paced collaborative platform specifically designed for development teams, aiming to significantly boost developers' productivity through an exceptional note-taking interface that transcends traditional GitHub-style markdown. It enables users to create clearer documentation by integrating diagrams from tools like Charts.js, Mermaid, and PlantUML. The platform offers extensive customization options, including keymaps such as Vim and more than 150 themes, allowing users to tailor their Markdown editor to fit their individual workflows perfectly. Additionally, users can manage their documents programmatically by securing an authentication token, which facilitates the use of Boost Note's APIs through simple HTTP requests. By utilizing over 2,000 external tool integrations available through Zapier, teams can automate their documentation processes, enhancing efficiency and effectiveness. Collaboration becomes seamless as team members can share insights in a centralized workspace, taking advantage of Boost Note's real-time editing capabilities to work collectively on documents. Document revision history tracking provides an easy way to revert back to earlier versions with a single click, ensuring that changes can be managed effortlessly. Moreover, the platform prioritizes the security of critical data with tailored access controls for each workspace, creating a safe environment for all team members to excel. In conclusion, Boost Note empowers users with the tools they need to collaborate and innovate effectively, making it an invaluable resource for any development team.

Liberate your creative thoughts as WizNote takes care of your memory needs; it provides features like webpage collection, full-text search, organizational folders, and markdown support. You have the opportunity to download the WizNote Server's Docker image at no charge! Capture web content, compose blogs, and import various file types to mitigate data fragmentation effectively. The platform goes beyond basic text by offering tools such as checklists, handwriting samples, images, voice notes, and attachments. With its intuitive editing interface that embraces markdown, uploading your information to the server becomes a seamless task. Your previous work's historical versions are securely stored, ensuring that your content is always preserved. Efficiently organize your data with groups, folders, and tags, which enable an exhaustive full-text search and facilitate quick note retrieval. Collaborate effortlessly by establishing shared workspaces, allowing you to connect and provide feedback with teammates. Boost your productivity while co-editing documents and advancing your joint initiatives. Maintain organization and ensure that everyone stays aligned on the same version and timeline, reducing redundancy and enhancing teamwork. WizNote can be self-hosted to meet your specific needs, providing flexibility in deployment. Furthermore, you can conveniently access WizNote on your mobile devices, tablets, and computers, making it easy to manage your projects from anywhere. This comprehensive approach ensures that your workflow is as efficient and adaptable as possible.